With the continuous development of technology, consumers have different personalized needs, customization requirements continue to improve, consumers need to customize professional spare parts according to their own needs and preferences, if this can be achieved, will greatly increase the customer's goodwill, enterprises can also continue to increase their own visibility. Therefore, CNC custom machining services also play an important role in manufacturing.

The application of CNC custom machining services in the field of automotive automation has also achieved remarkable results. Take our company as an example, we provide one-stop customized CNC production services, with advanced equipment and technical team, has provided high-quality parts processing services for many well-known automobile manufacturers, and won the favor of partners.

In short, the application of CNC custom machining services in the field of automotive automation is gradually changing the pattern of traditional manufacturing. For custom CNC production services, please choose us and we will provide you with the best quality service and the most competitive price. Let us jointly promote the innovation and development of the automobile manufacturing industry!

The development of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) custom machining services has significantly impacted the field of robotics in several ways: Advanced Precision and Complexity，Precision Parts and Gears，Sensor Housings and Mounts，End Effectors and Grippers，Joints and Connectors，

Customized Protocols for Robot Control，Integration of Electronic Components，Redesign and Improvement and Research and Education.

CNC custom machining plays a vital role in the development, production, and maintenance of robotics by providing precision-engineered components that are essential for the functionality and performance of robotic systems in various industries and applications.

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) custom machining services have a multitude of applications in the field of robotics. Here are some specific ways CNC machining is used in robotics:



1.Prototyping and Development: CNC machining is crucial in the prototyping phase of robotics. It allows for the creation of precise and custom components necessary for developing and refining robot designs before mass production.

2.Frame and Structure Components: CNC machining is used to fabricate various structural components of robots, including frames, chassis, arms, and brackets. These parts can be precisely manufactured to meet specific strength, weight, and dimensional requirements.

3.Precision Parts and Gears: Robots often require intricate and high-precision parts, such as gears, actuators, and mechanical components. CNC machining ensures the production of these parts with accuracy and repeatability.

4.Sensor Housings and Mounts: Custom sensor housings and mounts are essential in robotics for securely holding sensors in place and ensuring their proper functionality. CNC machining can produce these components with precision to accommodate different types of sensors.

5.End Effectors and Grippers: CNC machining is used to create end effectors and grippers that robots use to interact with objects. These components need to be tailored for specific tasks and CNC machining enables the customization required.

6.Joints and Connectors: CNC machining is employed to create complex joint mechanisms and connectors, ensuring smooth and precise movement in robotic systems.

7.Customized Protocols for Robot Control: CNC machining can be utilized to create control panels or specialized components for custom robot control systems, meeting specific programming or interfacing needs.

8.Integration of Electronic Components: CNC machining aids in the production of housings and enclosures for electronic components within robots, ensuring proper fit, protection, and functionality.

9.Redesign and Improvement: CNC machining allows for the redesign or modification of existing robot components, enabling improvements in functionality, efficiency, or repair of older robotic systems.

10.Research and Education: CNC machining is used in academic settings for research and educational purposes, allowing students and researchers to create custom robot components for experimentation and learning.


Overall, CNC custom machining plays a vital role in the development, production, and maintenance of robotics by providing precision-engineered components that are essential for the functionality and performance of robotic systems in various industries and applications.For custom CNC production services, please choose us and we will provide you with the best quality service and the most competitive price. Let us jointly promote the innovation and development of the Robotics manufacturing industry.

With the increasingly updated processing technology, CNC machining has also undergone a lot of changes. Many experts pointed out that in the future, CNC will be the mainstream processing mode. In the CNC machining process, the tool is the most important, today, we will understand the CNC tool in detail.




CNC machining tool concept



A tool is a tool used for cutting in mechanical manufacturing. Generalized cutting tools include both cutting tools and abrasive tools. The vast majority of knives are used for machines, but there are also hand tools. Since the tools used in mechanical manufacturing are basically used to cut metal materials, the term "tool" is generally understood as a metal cutting tool. The cutting tools used for cutting wood are called woodworking tools.


CNC machining tool



Tool classification

Cutting tools can be divided into five categories according to the form of the workpiece machined surface.

Cutting tools for processing various outer surfaces, including cutting tools for processing various outer surfaces, including turning tools, planing knives, milling cutters, outer surface broach and file, etc.

Hole processing tools, including drill, reaming drill, boring cutter, milling cutter and internal surface broach, etc.

Thread processing tools, including tap, die, automatic opening thread cutting head, thread turning tool and thread milling cutter.

Gear processing tools, including hob, gear shaper cutter, shaving cutter, bevel gear processing tool, etc.

Cutting tools, including inserted circular saw blade, band saw, bow saw, cutting tool and saw blade milling cutter, etc.

In addition, there are combination tools.


Hole cutting tool



Tool structure

The structure of various tools is composed of a clamping part and a working part. The clamping part and working part of the overall structure of the tool are done on the tool body; The working part of the tool (the tooth or blade) is mounted on the tool body.

The clamping part of the tool has two kinds of holes and handles. The tool with hole relies on the inner hole set on the spindle or mandrel of the machine tool, and transmits the torsional torque with the help of the axial key or the end key, such as the cylindrical milling cutter and the sleeve face milling cutter.

The tool with the handle is usually rectangular handle, cylindrical handle and conical handle three kinds. Turning tools, planing tools, etc. are generally rectangular handles; The conical handle withstands the axial thrust with the taper and transmits the torque with the help of friction. Cylindrical shank is generally suitable for smaller twist drill, end mill and other tools, cutting with the help of the friction generated when clamping torque transfer. The shank of many tools with handles is made of low alloy steel, and the working part is made of high speed steel welded to each other.



The basic properties that the tool material should have

1. High hardness

The hardness of the tool material must be higher than the hardness of the workpiece material to be machined, which is the basic feature that the tool material should have.

2. Sufficient strength and toughness

The material of the cutting part of the tool must withstand great cutting force and impact force when cutting. The bending strength and impact toughness reflect the ability of tool material to resist brittle fracture and edge breakage.

3. High wear resistance and heat resistance

The wear resistance of tool materials refers to the ability to resist wear. The higher the hardness of the tool material, the better the wear resistance; The higher the high temperature hardness, the better the heat resistance, the tool material at high temperature resistance to plastic deformation, anti-wear ability is also stronger.

4. Good thermal conductivity

Large thermal conductivity means good thermal conductivity, and the heat capacity generated during cutting is easily transmitted out, thereby reducing the temperature of the cutting part and reducing tool wear.

5. Good technology and economy

In order to facilitate manufacturing, the tool material is required to have good machinability, including forging, welding, cutting, heat treatment, grindability and so on. Economy is one of the important indexes to evaluate and promote the application of new tool materials.

6. Resistance to bonding

Prevent the workpiece and the tool material molecules under the action of high temperature and high pressure adsorption bond.

7. Chemical stability

It means that the tool material is not easy to react chemically with the surrounding medium at high temperature.

Tool coating

Aluminum alloy indexable inserts are now coated with hard or composite layers of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, alumina by chemical vapor deposition. The physical vapor deposition method that is being developed can be used not only for aluminum alloy tools, but also for high-speed steel tools such as drills, hobs, taps and milling cutters. As a barrier that prevents chemical diffusion and heat conduction, the hard coating slows down the wear rate of the tool during cutting, and the life of the coated blade is about 1 to 3 times higher than that of the uncoated blade.




How to choose a tool



Tool selection is carried out in the human-machine interaction state of NC programming. The tool and handle should be correctly selected according to the machining capacity of the machine tool, the performance of the workpiece material, the processing procedure, the cutting amount and other relevant factors.

The general principle of tool selection: easy installation and adjustment, good rigidity, high durability and accuracy. On the premise of meeting the processing requirements, try to choose a shorter tool handle to improve the rigidity of the tool processing. When selecting the tool, the size of the tool should be adapted to the surface size of the workpiece to be machined.

1. End milling cutter is often used to process the peripheral outline of plane parts.

2. When milling the plane, carbide blade milling cutter should be selected.

3. When processing convex and grooves, choose high-speed steel end milling cutter.

4. When processing the blank surface or roughing the hole, you can choose the corn milling cutter with cemented carbide blade.

5. For the processing of some vertical surface and variable bevel contour, ball end milling cutter, ring milling cutter, conical milling cutter and disk milling cutter are often used.

6. In the processing of free-form surface, because the cutting speed of the end of the ball head tool is zero, so in order to ensure the processing accuracy, the cutting line spacing is generally very dense, so the ball head is often used in the finishing of the surface.

7, flat head tool in the surface processing quality and cutting efficiency are better than the ball head knife, therefore, as long as the premise of ensuring but cutting, whether it is rough surface machining or finishing, should be preferred to choose flat head knife.

8. In the machining center, various tools are installed on the tool library, and the tool selection and tool change are carried out at any time according to the procedure. Therefore, the standard tool handle must be used in order to make the standard tool for drilling, boring, expanding, milling and other processes quickly and accurately installed on the machine spindle or tool library. The number of tools should be reduced as far as possible; After a tool is installed, it should complete all the processing parts that it can carry out; Rough finishing tools should be used separately, even if the same size specifications of the tool; Milling before drilling; Surface finishing is carried out first, and then 2D contour finishing is carried out. Where possible, the automatic tool change function of CNC machine tools should be used as much as possible to improve production efficiency.


Problems encountered in processing aluminum and solutions



Problems encountered in processing aluminum and solutions when processing pure aluminum, easy to stick knife analysis and solutions:

1. Aluminum material is soft in texture and easy to stick at high temperature;

2. Aluminum is not resistant to high temperature, easy to open;

3. Related to processing cutting fluid: good oil lubrication performance; Good water-soluble cooling performance; High dry cutting cost;

4. When processing pure aluminum, the end mill dedicated to aluminum processing should be selected: positive front Angle, sharp cutting edge, large chip discharge slot, 45 degrees or 55 degrees helix Angle;

5. The material of the workpiece and the CNC tool has a greater affinity.

6. Rough front tool processing soft materials.

Recommendation: Machine tool conditions are poor to good requirements are low to high, please use high-speed steel, coated polished carbide, PCD polycrystalline diamond and single crystal diamond.

7. Low speed can be avoided by cutting fluid, high speed oil mist lubrication, the effect can be improved, aluminum alloy suitable


Tool future development direction



Due to the high temperature, high pressure, high speed, and the parts working in the corrosive fluid medium, the application of difficult to process more and more materials, the automation level of cutting processing and the processing accuracy requirements are getting higher and higher. In order to adapt to this situation, the development direction of the tool will be the development and application of new tool materials; Further develop the vapor deposition coating technology of the tool, and deposit higher hardness coating on the matrix of high toughness and high strength, so as to better solve the contradiction between hardness and strength of the tool material; Further development of indexable tool structure; Improve the manufacturing accuracy of the tool, reduce the difference in product quality, and optimize the use of the tool.How to choose CNC aluminum alloy machining tool.

How to choose the right CNC machining material？


The materials are wrong, all in vain! In order to produce satisfactory products, the choice of materials is the most basic step and the most critical step. CNC machining can choose a lot of materials, including metal materials, non-metallic materials and composite materials.

Common metal materials include steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, stainless steel and so on. Non-metallic materials are engineering plastics, nylon, bakelite, epoxy resin and so on. Composite materials are fiber reinforced plastic, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin, glass fiber reinforced aluminum and so on.

Different materials have different physical and mechanical properties, and the correct selection of the right material is critical to the performance, accuracy and durability of the part. Starting from my own experience, this article will share with you how to choose low cost and suitable materials among many processing materials.




Determine the actual application requirements of the product

First, we need to determine the end use of the product and its parts. For example, medical equipment needs to be disinfected, lunch boxes need to be heated in the microwave oven, bearings, gears, etc., need to be used for load-bearing and multiple rotational friction.


Transform the application requirements of the material into the characteristics of the material

After determining the use, starting from the actual application needs of the product, the use of the product is investigated, and its technical requirements and environmental requirements are analyzed, and these needs are transformed into the characteristics of the material. For example, parts of medical equipment may have to withstand the extreme heat of an autoclave; Bearings, gears and other materials have requirements for wear resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength. Mainly can be analyzed from the following points:

01 Environmental Requirements

Analyze the actual use scenario and environment of the product; For example: What is the long-term working temperature of the product, the highest/lowest working temperature, respectively, belonging to high temperature or low temperature? Are there UV protection requirements indoors or outdoors? Is it in a dry environment or a humid, corrosive environment? Etc.

02 Technical Requirements

According to the technical requirements of the product, the required capabilities are analyzed, which can cover a range of application-related factors. Such as: the product needs to have conductive, insulating or anti-static which of the capabilities? Is heat dissipation, thermal conductivity, or flame retardant required? Do you need exposure to chemical solvents? Etc.

03 Physical Performance requirements

Analyze the required physical properties of the part based on the intended use of the product and the environment in which it will be used. For parts subjected to high stress or wear, factors such as strength, toughness and wear resistance are critical; For parts exposed to high temperatures for a long time, good thermal stability is required.

04 Appearance and surface treatment requirements

The market acceptance of the product depends largely on the appearance, the color and transparency of different materials are different, the finish and the corresponding surface treatment are also different. Therefore, according to the aesthetic requirements of the product, the processing materials should be selected.

05 Processing performance considerations

The machining properties of the material will affect the manufacturing process and accuracy of the part. For example, although stainless steel is rust resistant and corrosion resistant, its hardness is high, and it is easy to wear the tool during processing, resulting in very high processing costs, and it is not a good material to process. The plastic hardness is low, but it is easy to soften and deform during the heating process, and the stability is poor, which needs to be selected according to actual needs.


Find materials that match the characteristics

Because the actual application requirements of the product are composed of a number of contents, there may be multiple materials that meet the application requirements of a product; Or the situation where the optimal selection of different application requirements corresponds to different materials; We may end up with several materials that meet our specific requirements. Therefore, once the desired material properties are clearly defined, the remaining selection step is to search for the material that best matches those properties.

The selection of candidate materials begins with a review of material properties data, of course, it is not possible to investigate thousands of applied materials, and there is no need to do so. We can start from the material category, and first decide whether we need metal materials, non-metallic materials or composite materials. Then the previous analysis results, corresponding to the material characteristics, narrow the selection of candidate materials. Finally, the material cost information is used to select the most suitable material for the product from a number of candidate materials.

At present, Honscn has selected and launched a number of materials suitable for processing, which have been a popular choice for our customers.





Introduction to the properties of metal materials


Metallic materials refer to materials with properties such as luster, ductility, easy conduction and heat transfer. Its performance is mainly divided into four aspects, namely: mechanical properties, chemical properties, physical properties, process properties. These properties determine the scope of application of the material and the rationality of the application, which is an important reference for us to choose metal materials.The following will introduce two types of metal materials, aluminum alloy and copper alloy, which have different mechanical properties and processing characteristics.




Aluminium alloy

There are more than 1000 aluminum alloy grades registered in the world, each brand name and meaning are different, different grades of aluminum alloy in hardness, strength, processability, decoration, corrosion resistance, weldability and other mechanical properties and chemical properties there are obvious differences, each has its strengths and weaknesses.

hardness

Hardness refers to its ability to resist scratches or indentations. It has a direct relationship with the chemical composition of the alloy, and different states have different effects on the hardness of aluminum. The hardness directly affects the cutting speed and the type of tool material that can be used in CNC machining.

From the highest hardness that can be achieved, 7 series > 2 series > 6 series > 5 series > 3 series > 1 series.

intensity

Strength refers to its ability to resist deformation and fracture, commonly used indicators include yield strength, tensile strength and so on.

It is an important factor that must be considered in product design, especially when aluminum alloy components are used as structural parts, the appropriate alloy should be selected according to the pressure under.

There is a positive relationship between hardness and strength: the strength of pure aluminum is the lowest, and the strength of 2 series and 7 series heat-treated alloys is the highest.

density

Density refers to its mass per unit volume and is often used to calculate the weight of a material.

Density is an important factor for a variety of different applications. Depending on the application, the density of aluminum will have a significant impact on how it is used. For example, lightweight, high-strength aluminum is ideal for construction and industrial applications.

The density of aluminum is about 2700kg/m³, and the density value of different types of aluminum alloy does not change much.

Corrosion resistance

Corrosion resistance refers to its ability to resist corrosion when in contact with other substances. It includes chemical corrosion resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance, stress corrosion resistance and other properties.

Corrosion resistance selection principle should be based on its use occasion, high-strength alloy used in a corrosive environment, must use a variety of anti-corrosion composite materials.

In general, the corrosion resistance of series 1 pure aluminum is the best, series 5 performs well, followed by series 3 and 6, and series 2 and 7 are poor.

processability

The machinability includes formability and machinability. Because formability is related to the state, after selecting the grade of aluminum alloy, it is also necessary to consider the strength range of each state, usually high strength materials are not easy to form.

If the aluminum is to be bent, drawn, deep drawing and other forming processes, the formability of the fully annealed material is the best, and on the contrary, the formability of the heat-treated material is the worst.

The machinability of aluminum alloy has a great relationship with the alloy composition, usually higher strength aluminum alloy machinability is better, on the contrary, low strength machinability is poor.

For molds, mechanical parts and other products that need to be cut, the machinability of aluminum alloy is an important consideration.

Welding and bending properties

Most aluminum alloys are welded without problems. In particular, some 5 series aluminum alloys are specially designed for welding considerations; Relatively speaking, some 2 series and 7 series aluminum alloys are more difficult to weld.

In addition, the 5 series aluminum alloy is also the most suitable for bending a class of aluminum alloy products.

Decorative property

When aluminum is applied to decoration or some specific occasions, its surface needs to be processed to obtain the corresponding color and surface organization. This situation requires us to focus on the decorative properties of materials.

Aluminum surface treatment options include anodizing and spraying. In general, materials with good corrosion resistance have excellent surface treatment properties.

Other characteristics

In addition to the above characteristics, there are electrical conductivity, wear resistance, heat resistance and other properties, we need to consider more in the selection of materials.


Copper alloy

Orichalcum



Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. Brass with different mechanical properties can be obtained by changing the content of zinc in brass. The higher the content of zinc in brass, the higher its strength and slightly lower plasticity.

The zinc content of the brass used in the industry does not exceed 45%, and the zinc content will be brittle and make the alloy performance worse. Adding 1% tin to brass can significantly improve the resistance of brass to seawater and Marine atmosphere corrosion, so it is called "navy brass".

Tin can improve the machinability of brass. Lead brass is commonly referred to as easy to cut national standard copper. The main purpose of adding lead is to improve the machinability and wear resistance, and lead has little effect on the strength of brass. Carving copper is also a kind of lead brass.

Most brasses have good color, processability, ductility, and are easy to electroplate or paint.

Red copper



Copper is pure copper, also known as red copper, has good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent plasticity, easy hot pressing and cold pressure processing, can be made into plates, rods, tubes, wires, strips, foil and other copper.

A large number of products that require good electrical conductivity such as electrocorroded copper and conductive bars for the manufacture of EDM, magnetic instruments and instruments that must be resistant to magnetic interference, such as compass and aviation instruments.

No matter what kind of material, a single model basically can not meet all the performance requirements of a product at the same time, and it is not necessary. We should set the priority of various performance according to the performance requirements of the product, the use of the environment, the processing process and other factors, reasonable selection of materials, and reasonable control of costs under the premise of ensuring performance.


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1. Fault phenomenonWhen changing the knife, the manipulator is stuck and cannot change the knife. The position of the manipulator for changing the knife is offset, and the knife is changed.2 fault analysis and treatment


2.1 tool change principleThe machining center is a rotary tool magazine, and the tool change mechanism is cam type. The tool change process is as follows:(1) Write m06t01 to start the tool change and tool selection cycle.
(2) The spindle will stop at the oriented spindle stop point, the coolant stops, and the z-axis moves to the tool change position (second reference point).(3) Select the tool. After NC compiles it to PLC according to the t command, start selecting the tool. The tool magazine motor rotates and rotates the target tool number to the tool change point of the tool magazine. Note that the t command is the tool sleeve position of the tool magazine at this time.(4) The tool change motor drives the cam mechanism to rotate 90 from the parking position to grasp the tool in the effective tool sleeve and the tool in the spindle. At the same time, detect the change of the proximity switch state of the cam mechanism, the PMC output sends out the tool loosening command, the tool magazine tool sleeve tool loosening and the spindle tool loosening solenoid valve are powered on, the cam continues to rotate, drive the manipulator down, push down the tool handle and prepare for exchange. As shown in Figure 1.
(5) The manipulator rotates 180 to exchange the tool, the cam continues to move upward, install the tool into the spindle, and install the tool on the original spindle into the tool sleeve at the tool change position of the tool magazine. At the same time, the detection switch sends a tool tightening command to PMC, the solenoid valve loses power, the shaft tool handle is clamped, the butterfly spring retracts, and the spindle tool is clamped.(6) Change to the manipulator, continue to rotate 90 , and stop completing a set of tool change actions.2.2 fault analysis
Change the tool to the fourth step of 2.1. The tool change manipulator is stuck, and the spindle has been loosened for blowing, but the tool cannot be pulled out. Cut off the power and manually turn the tool change motor. After completing a tool change action, manually load and unload the tool, the action is normal, and the problems of spindle tightening tool are preliminarily eliminated. When the tool change process is performed again, the manipulator gets stuck and the manipulator claw at the tool magazine falls off. After the tool change is found, the manipulator installs the tool on the spindle and the position is offset, as shown in Figure 2.
After the tool is removed, it is found that the action is normal. The reason for this situation may be the offset between the manipulator and the spindle, or the deviation of the accuracy of the manipulator axis relative to the spindle axis, and the inaccurate positioning of the spindle will also lead to the offset of the tool change position. Implement the tool change action step by step, check the accurate positioning of the spindle, and eliminate the fault caused by inaccurate positioning. According to the table, the mechanicalThe axial position and rotation center distance of hand, knife sleeve and spindle are consistent, so the fault of mechanical jamming of mechanical mobile phone is also eliminated.
Recently, this machine tool mainly processes stainless steel and other material workpieces, with large cutting volume and heavy load. It runs under re cutting for a long time. It is found that the manipulator is not loose and the telescopic action of the manipulator claw is flexible. However, it is found that the adjustment block on the manipulator is worn. It is disassembled and observed that the adjustment block is mainly used to clamp the tool handle. After re repair and processing, try again, The offset disappears at the spindle position. The main cause of this fault is the large impact of the manipulator and frequent tool change, resulting in the loosening and wear of the clamping claw, as shown in Figure 3.