The development of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) custom machining services has significantly impacted the field of robotics in several ways: Advanced Precision and Complexity，Precision Parts and Gears，Sensor Housings and Mounts，End Effectors and Grippers，Joints and Connectors，

Customized Protocols for Robot Control，Integration of Electronic Components，Redesign and Improvement and Research and Education.

CNC custom machining plays a vital role in the development, production, and maintenance of robotics by providing precision-engineered components that are essential for the functionality and performance of robotic systems in various industries and applications.

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) custom machining services have a multitude of applications in the field of robotics. Here are some specific ways CNC machining is used in robotics:



1.Prototyping and Development: CNC machining is crucial in the prototyping phase of robotics. It allows for the creation of precise and custom components necessary for developing and refining robot designs before mass production.

2.Frame and Structure Components: CNC machining is used to fabricate various structural components of robots, including frames, chassis, arms, and brackets. These parts can be precisely manufactured to meet specific strength, weight, and dimensional requirements.

3.Precision Parts and Gears: Robots often require intricate and high-precision parts, such as gears, actuators, and mechanical components. CNC machining ensures the production of these parts with accuracy and repeatability.

4.Sensor Housings and Mounts: Custom sensor housings and mounts are essential in robotics for securely holding sensors in place and ensuring their proper functionality. CNC machining can produce these components with precision to accommodate different types of sensors.

5.End Effectors and Grippers: CNC machining is used to create end effectors and grippers that robots use to interact with objects. These components need to be tailored for specific tasks and CNC machining enables the customization required.

6.Joints and Connectors: CNC machining is employed to create complex joint mechanisms and connectors, ensuring smooth and precise movement in robotic systems.

7.Customized Protocols for Robot Control: CNC machining can be utilized to create control panels or specialized components for custom robot control systems, meeting specific programming or interfacing needs.

8.Integration of Electronic Components: CNC machining aids in the production of housings and enclosures for electronic components within robots, ensuring proper fit, protection, and functionality.

9.Redesign and Improvement: CNC machining allows for the redesign or modification of existing robot components, enabling improvements in functionality, efficiency, or repair of older robotic systems.

10.Research and Education: CNC machining is used in academic settings for research and educational purposes, allowing students and researchers to create custom robot components for experimentation and learning.


Overall, CNC custom machining plays a vital role in the development, production, and maintenance of robotics by providing precision-engineered components that are essential for the functionality and performance of robotic systems in various industries and applications.For custom CNC production services, please choose us and we will provide you with the best quality service and the most competitive price. Let us jointly promote the innovation and development of the Robotics manufacturing industry.

How to choose the right CNC machining material？


The materials are wrong, all in vain! In order to produce satisfactory products, the choice of materials is the most basic step and the most critical step. CNC machining can choose a lot of materials, including metal materials, non-metallic materials and composite materials.

Common metal materials include steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, stainless steel and so on. Non-metallic materials are engineering plastics, nylon, bakelite, epoxy resin and so on. Composite materials are fiber reinforced plastic, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin, glass fiber reinforced aluminum and so on.

Different materials have different physical and mechanical properties, and the correct selection of the right material is critical to the performance, accuracy and durability of the part. Starting from my own experience, this article will share with you how to choose low cost and suitable materials among many processing materials.




Determine the actual application requirements of the product

First, we need to determine the end use of the product and its parts. For example, medical equipment needs to be disinfected, lunch boxes need to be heated in the microwave oven, bearings, gears, etc., need to be used for load-bearing and multiple rotational friction.


Transform the application requirements of the material into the characteristics of the material

After determining the use, starting from the actual application needs of the product, the use of the product is investigated, and its technical requirements and environmental requirements are analyzed, and these needs are transformed into the characteristics of the material. For example, parts of medical equipment may have to withstand the extreme heat of an autoclave; Bearings, gears and other materials have requirements for wear resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength. Mainly can be analyzed from the following points:

01 Environmental Requirements

Analyze the actual use scenario and environment of the product; For example: What is the long-term working temperature of the product, the highest/lowest working temperature, respectively, belonging to high temperature or low temperature? Are there UV protection requirements indoors or outdoors? Is it in a dry environment or a humid, corrosive environment? Etc.

02 Technical Requirements

According to the technical requirements of the product, the required capabilities are analyzed, which can cover a range of application-related factors. Such as: the product needs to have conductive, insulating or anti-static which of the capabilities? Is heat dissipation, thermal conductivity, or flame retardant required? Do you need exposure to chemical solvents? Etc.

03 Physical Performance requirements

Analyze the required physical properties of the part based on the intended use of the product and the environment in which it will be used. For parts subjected to high stress or wear, factors such as strength, toughness and wear resistance are critical; For parts exposed to high temperatures for a long time, good thermal stability is required.

04 Appearance and surface treatment requirements

The market acceptance of the product depends largely on the appearance, the color and transparency of different materials are different, the finish and the corresponding surface treatment are also different. Therefore, according to the aesthetic requirements of the product, the processing materials should be selected.

05 Processing performance considerations

The machining properties of the material will affect the manufacturing process and accuracy of the part. For example, although stainless steel is rust resistant and corrosion resistant, its hardness is high, and it is easy to wear the tool during processing, resulting in very high processing costs, and it is not a good material to process. The plastic hardness is low, but it is easy to soften and deform during the heating process, and the stability is poor, which needs to be selected according to actual needs.


Find materials that match the characteristics

Because the actual application requirements of the product are composed of a number of contents, there may be multiple materials that meet the application requirements of a product; Or the situation where the optimal selection of different application requirements corresponds to different materials; We may end up with several materials that meet our specific requirements. Therefore, once the desired material properties are clearly defined, the remaining selection step is to search for the material that best matches those properties.

The selection of candidate materials begins with a review of material properties data, of course, it is not possible to investigate thousands of applied materials, and there is no need to do so. We can start from the material category, and first decide whether we need metal materials, non-metallic materials or composite materials. Then the previous analysis results, corresponding to the material characteristics, narrow the selection of candidate materials. Finally, the material cost information is used to select the most suitable material for the product from a number of candidate materials.

At present, Honscn has selected and launched a number of materials suitable for processing, which have been a popular choice for our customers.





Introduction to the properties of metal materials


Metallic materials refer to materials with properties such as luster, ductility, easy conduction and heat transfer. Its performance is mainly divided into four aspects, namely: mechanical properties, chemical properties, physical properties, process properties. These properties determine the scope of application of the material and the rationality of the application, which is an important reference for us to choose metal materials.The following will introduce two types of metal materials, aluminum alloy and copper alloy, which have different mechanical properties and processing characteristics.




Aluminium alloy

There are more than 1000 aluminum alloy grades registered in the world, each brand name and meaning are different, different grades of aluminum alloy in hardness, strength, processability, decoration, corrosion resistance, weldability and other mechanical properties and chemical properties there are obvious differences, each has its strengths and weaknesses.

hardness

Hardness refers to its ability to resist scratches or indentations. It has a direct relationship with the chemical composition of the alloy, and different states have different effects on the hardness of aluminum. The hardness directly affects the cutting speed and the type of tool material that can be used in CNC machining.

From the highest hardness that can be achieved, 7 series > 2 series > 6 series > 5 series > 3 series > 1 series.

intensity

Strength refers to its ability to resist deformation and fracture, commonly used indicators include yield strength, tensile strength and so on.

It is an important factor that must be considered in product design, especially when aluminum alloy components are used as structural parts, the appropriate alloy should be selected according to the pressure under.

There is a positive relationship between hardness and strength: the strength of pure aluminum is the lowest, and the strength of 2 series and 7 series heat-treated alloys is the highest.

density

Density refers to its mass per unit volume and is often used to calculate the weight of a material.

Density is an important factor for a variety of different applications. Depending on the application, the density of aluminum will have a significant impact on how it is used. For example, lightweight, high-strength aluminum is ideal for construction and industrial applications.

The density of aluminum is about 2700kg/m³, and the density value of different types of aluminum alloy does not change much.

Corrosion resistance

Corrosion resistance refers to its ability to resist corrosion when in contact with other substances. It includes chemical corrosion resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance, stress corrosion resistance and other properties.

Corrosion resistance selection principle should be based on its use occasion, high-strength alloy used in a corrosive environment, must use a variety of anti-corrosion composite materials.

In general, the corrosion resistance of series 1 pure aluminum is the best, series 5 performs well, followed by series 3 and 6, and series 2 and 7 are poor.

processability

The machinability includes formability and machinability. Because formability is related to the state, after selecting the grade of aluminum alloy, it is also necessary to consider the strength range of each state, usually high strength materials are not easy to form.

If the aluminum is to be bent, drawn, deep drawing and other forming processes, the formability of the fully annealed material is the best, and on the contrary, the formability of the heat-treated material is the worst.

The machinability of aluminum alloy has a great relationship with the alloy composition, usually higher strength aluminum alloy machinability is better, on the contrary, low strength machinability is poor.

For molds, mechanical parts and other products that need to be cut, the machinability of aluminum alloy is an important consideration.

Welding and bending properties

Most aluminum alloys are welded without problems. In particular, some 5 series aluminum alloys are specially designed for welding considerations; Relatively speaking, some 2 series and 7 series aluminum alloys are more difficult to weld.

In addition, the 5 series aluminum alloy is also the most suitable for bending a class of aluminum alloy products.

Decorative property

When aluminum is applied to decoration or some specific occasions, its surface needs to be processed to obtain the corresponding color and surface organization. This situation requires us to focus on the decorative properties of materials.

Aluminum surface treatment options include anodizing and spraying. In general, materials with good corrosion resistance have excellent surface treatment properties.

Other characteristics

In addition to the above characteristics, there are electrical conductivity, wear resistance, heat resistance and other properties, we need to consider more in the selection of materials.


Copper alloy

Orichalcum



Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. Brass with different mechanical properties can be obtained by changing the content of zinc in brass. The higher the content of zinc in brass, the higher its strength and slightly lower plasticity.

The zinc content of the brass used in the industry does not exceed 45%, and the zinc content will be brittle and make the alloy performance worse. Adding 1% tin to brass can significantly improve the resistance of brass to seawater and Marine atmosphere corrosion, so it is called "navy brass".

Tin can improve the machinability of brass. Lead brass is commonly referred to as easy to cut national standard copper. The main purpose of adding lead is to improve the machinability and wear resistance, and lead has little effect on the strength of brass. Carving copper is also a kind of lead brass.

Most brasses have good color, processability, ductility, and are easy to electroplate or paint.

Red copper



Copper is pure copper, also known as red copper, has good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent plasticity, easy hot pressing and cold pressure processing, can be made into plates, rods, tubes, wires, strips, foil and other copper.

A large number of products that require good electrical conductivity such as electrocorroded copper and conductive bars for the manufacture of EDM, magnetic instruments and instruments that must be resistant to magnetic interference, such as compass and aviation instruments.

No matter what kind of material, a single model basically can not meet all the performance requirements of a product at the same time, and it is not necessary. We should set the priority of various performance according to the performance requirements of the product, the use of the environment, the processing process and other factors, reasonable selection of materials, and reasonable control of costs under the premise of ensuring performance.


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Comparative detection of automobile lamps with three-dimensional scanner
one Industry status
The customer's product is the car lamp. It is difficult to scan the lamp. Because many places on the lamp are transparent, and the laser of the scanner is transparent, it is difficult to scan.
two Limitations of customers' current testing methods
For this car lamp, the customer doesn't have any effective measurement means, and then the customer comes to us. We use hscan handheld 3D laser scanner to help them scan and measure. During the scanning process, we will spray white powder on the transparent part of the object, and through processing, present the data required by the customer completely, and submit the comparison results to the customer.
Firstly, quickly paste the positioning mark point on the scanned air conditioner, spray the lamp with white powder, and then scan the tested part as a whole through non-contact three-dimensional laser scanning, and carefully scan the details. Finally, compare and adjust the obtained data, and make a test report.
two Required instrument and model
Hscan handheld 3D laser scanner Prince series.
three Scanner working hours
It takes 2 minutes to paste the marked points;
Data post-processing and comparison report for ten minutes.
1 scan data
For this kind of car lamp, the hand-held three-dimensional laser scanner has incomparable advantages: first, the point non-contact scanning has no limit on the size of the measured workpiece; Secondly, hand-held scanning, the workpiece does not need to be fixed, and there is no need to specially design the detection fixture, so it can be inspected on arrival. By using our three-dimensional scanner, customers shorten the detection cycle and reduce the detection cost.
Reverse / comparative product display
lw

General steps of plastic parts designPlastic parts are designed on the basis of industrial modeling. First, see whether there are similar products for reference, and then carry out detailed functional decomposition of products and parts to determine the main process problems such as parts folding, wall thickness, demoulding slope, transition treatment between parts, connection treatment and strength treatment of parts.1. Similar reference


Before design, first look for similar products of the company and peers, what problems and deficiencies have occurred in the original products, and refer to the existing mature structure to avoid problematic structural forms.2. Determine the part discount, transition, connection and clearance treatment between partsUnderstand the modeling style from the modeling drawing and effect drawing, cooperate with the functional decomposition of the product, determine the number of parts (different surface states are either divided into different parts, or there must be over treatment between different surfaces), determine the over treatment between parts' surfaces, and determine the connection mode and fit clearance between parts.
3. Determination of part strength and connection strengthDetermine the wall thickness of the part body according to the product size. The strength of the part itself is determined by the wall thickness of the plastic part, the structural form (the plastic part in the shape of a flat plate has the worst strength), the stiffener and the stiffener. While determining the single strength of parts, the connection strength between parts must be determined. The methods to change the connection strength include: adding screw column, adding stop, adding buckle position and adding reinforcing bone against top and bottom.4. Determination of demoulding slope
The demoulding slope shall be comprehensively determined according to the material (PP, PE silica gel and rubber can be demoulded forcibly), surface state (the slope of decorative grain shall be greater than that of smooth surface, and the slope of etched surface shall be 0.5 degrees greater than that required by the template as far as possible, so as to ensure that the etched surface will not be damaged and improve the yield of products), transparency or not determines the demoulding slope of parts (the transparent slope shall be greater).Material types recommended by different product series of the companySurface treatment of plastic parts
Wall thickness selection of plastic partsFor plastic parts, the uniformity of wall thickness is required, and the workpiece with uneven wall thickness will have shrinkage traces. It is required that the ratio of stiffener to main wall thickness should be less than 0.4, and the maximum ratio should not exceed 0.6.Demoulding slope of plastic parts
In the construction of stereoscopic drawing, where the appearance and assembly are affected, the slope needs to be drawn, and the slope is generally not drawn for stiffeners.The demoulding slope of plastic parts is determined by the material, surface decoration status and whether the parts are transparent or not. The demoulding slope of hard plastic is greater than that of soft plastic. The higher the part, the deeper the hole, and the smaller the slope.Recommended demoulding slope for different materials
Numerical values of different accuracy in different size rangesDimensional accuracy of plastic partsGenerally, the accuracy of plastic parts is not high. In practical use, we mainly check the assembly dimensions, and mainly mark the overall dimensions, assembly dimensions and other dimensions that need to be controlled on the plan.
In practice, we mainly consider the consistency of dimensions. The edges of the upper and lower covers need to be aligned.Economic accuracy of different materialsNumerical values of different accuracy in different size ranges
Surface roughness of plastics1) The roughness of the etched surface cannot be marked. Where the plastic surface finish is particularly high, circle this range and mark the surface state as mirror.2) The surface of plastic parts is generally smooth and bright, and the surface roughness is generally ra2.5 0.2um.
3) The surface roughness of plastic mainly depends on the surface roughness of mold cavity. The surface roughness of mold is required to be one to two levels higher than that of plastic parts. The mold surface can reach ra0.05 by ultrasonic and electrolytic polishing.FilletThe fillet value of injection molding is determined by the adjacent wall thickness, generally 0.5 1.5 times of the wall thickness, but not less than 0.5mm.
The position of the parting surface shall be carefully selected. There is a fillet on the parting surface, and the fillet part shall be on the other side of the die. It is difficult to make, and there are fine trace lines at the fillet. However, fillet is required when anti cutting hand is required.Stiffener problemThe injection molding process is similar to the casting process. The non-uniformity of wall thickness will produce shrinkage defects. Generally, the wall thickness of reinforcement is 0.4 times of the main body thickness, and the maximum is no more than 0.6 times. The spacing between bars is greater than 4T, and the height of bars is less than 3T. In the method of improving the strength of parts, it is generally reinforced without increasing the wall thickness.
The reinforcement of the screw column shall be at least 1.0mm lower than the end face of the column, and the reinforcement shall be at least 1.0mm lower than the part surface or the parting surface.When multiple bars intersect, pay attention to the non-uniformity of wall thickness caused by the intersection.Design of stiffeners for plastic parts
Bearing surfacePlastic is easy to deform. In terms of positioning, it should be classified as the positioning of wool embryo. In terms of positioning area, it should be small. For example, the support of plane should be changed into small convex points and convex rings.Oblique roof and row position
The inclined top and row position move in the parting direction and perpendicular to the parting direction. The inclined top and row position shall be perpendicular to the parting direction, and there shall be sufficient movement space, as shown in the following figure:Treatment of plastic limit process problems1) Special treatment of wall thickness
For particularly large workpieces, such as the shell of toy cars, the wall thickness can be relatively thin by using the method of multi-point glue feeding. The local glue position of the column is thick, which is treated as shown in the following figure.Special treatment of wall thickness2) Treatment of small slope and vertical surface
The die surface has high dimensional accuracy, high surface finish, small demoulding resistance and small demoulding slope. In order to achieve this purpose, the parts with small inclination of the workpiece are inserted separately, and the inserts are processed by wire cutting and grinding, as shown in the figure below.To ensure that the side wall is vertical, the running position or inclined top is required. There is an interface line at the running position. In order to avoid obvious interface, the wiring is generally placed at the junction of fillet and large surface.Treatment of small slope and vertical surface
To ensure that the side wall is vertical, the running position or inclined top is required. There is an interface line at the running position. In order to avoid obvious interface, the wiring is generally placed at the junction of fillet and large surface.Problems often to be solved for plastic parts1) Transition processing problem
The accuracy of plastic parts is generally not high. There must be transition treatment between adjacent parts and different surfaces of the same part.Small grooves are generally used for transition between different surfaces of the same part, and small grooves and high-low staggered surfaces can be used between different parts, as shown in the figure.Surface over treatment
2) Clearance value of plastic partsParts are directly assembled without movement, generally 0.1mm;The seam is generally 0.15mm;
The minimum clearance between parts without contact is 0.3mm, generally 0.5mm.3) The common forms and clearance of plastic parts are shown in the figureCommon forms and clearance taking method of stop of plastic parts

1. Fault phenomenonWhen changing the knife, the manipulator is stuck and cannot change the knife. The position of the manipulator for changing the knife is offset, and the knife is changed.2 fault analysis and treatment


2.1 tool change principleThe machining center is a rotary tool magazine, and the tool change mechanism is cam type. The tool change process is as follows:(1) Write m06t01 to start the tool change and tool selection cycle.
(2) The spindle will stop at the oriented spindle stop point, the coolant stops, and the z-axis moves to the tool change position (second reference point).(3) Select the tool. After NC compiles it to PLC according to the t command, start selecting the tool. The tool magazine motor rotates and rotates the target tool number to the tool change point of the tool magazine. Note that the t command is the tool sleeve position of the tool magazine at this time.(4) The tool change motor drives the cam mechanism to rotate 90 from the parking position to grasp the tool in the effective tool sleeve and the tool in the spindle. At the same time, detect the change of the proximity switch state of the cam mechanism, the PMC output sends out the tool loosening command, the tool magazine tool sleeve tool loosening and the spindle tool loosening solenoid valve are powered on, the cam continues to rotate, drive the manipulator down, push down the tool handle and prepare for exchange. As shown in Figure 1.
(5) The manipulator rotates 180 to exchange the tool, the cam continues to move upward, install the tool into the spindle, and install the tool on the original spindle into the tool sleeve at the tool change position of the tool magazine. At the same time, the detection switch sends a tool tightening command to PMC, the solenoid valve loses power, the shaft tool handle is clamped, the butterfly spring retracts, and the spindle tool is clamped.(6) Change to the manipulator, continue to rotate 90 , and stop completing a set of tool change actions.2.2 fault analysis
Change the tool to the fourth step of 2.1. The tool change manipulator is stuck, and the spindle has been loosened for blowing, but the tool cannot be pulled out. Cut off the power and manually turn the tool change motor. After completing a tool change action, manually load and unload the tool, the action is normal, and the problems of spindle tightening tool are preliminarily eliminated. When the tool change process is performed again, the manipulator gets stuck and the manipulator claw at the tool magazine falls off. After the tool change is found, the manipulator installs the tool on the spindle and the position is offset, as shown in Figure 2.
After the tool is removed, it is found that the action is normal. The reason for this situation may be the offset between the manipulator and the spindle, or the deviation of the accuracy of the manipulator axis relative to the spindle axis, and the inaccurate positioning of the spindle will also lead to the offset of the tool change position. Implement the tool change action step by step, check the accurate positioning of the spindle, and eliminate the fault caused by inaccurate positioning. According to the table, the mechanicalThe axial position and rotation center distance of hand, knife sleeve and spindle are consistent, so the fault of mechanical jamming of mechanical mobile phone is also eliminated.
Recently, this machine tool mainly processes stainless steel and other material workpieces, with large cutting volume and heavy load. It runs under re cutting for a long time. It is found that the manipulator is not loose and the telescopic action of the manipulator claw is flexible. However, it is found that the adjustment block on the manipulator is worn. It is disassembled and observed that the adjustment block is mainly used to clamp the tool handle. After re repair and processing, try again, The offset disappears at the spindle position. The main cause of this fault is the large impact of the manipulator and frequent tool change, resulting in the loosening and wear of the clamping claw, as shown in Figure 3.