With the increasingly updated processing technology, CNC machining has also undergone a lot of changes. Many experts pointed out that in the future, CNC will be the mainstream processing mode. In the CNC machining process, the tool is the most important, today, we will understand the CNC tool in detail.

A tool is a tool used for cutting in mechanical manufacturing. Generalized cutting tools include both cutting tools and abrasive tools. The vast majority of knives are used for machines, but there are also hand tools. Since the tools used in mechanical manufacturing are basically used to cut metal materials, the term "tool" is generally understood as a metal cutting tool. The cutting tools used for cutting wood are called woodworking tools.

Tool classification

Cutting tools can be divided into five categories according to the form of the workpiece machined surface.

Cutting tools for processing various outer surfaces, including cutting tools for processing various outer surfaces, including turning tools, planing knives, milling cutters, outer surface broach and file, etc.

Hole processing tools, including drill, reaming drill, boring cutter, milling cutter and internal surface broach, etc.

Thread processing tools, including tap, die, automatic opening thread cutting head, thread turning tool and thread milling cutter.

Gear processing tools, including hob, gear shaper cutter, shaving cutter, bevel gear processing tool, etc.

Cutting tools, including inserted circular saw blade, band saw, bow saw, cutting tool and saw blade milling cutter, etc.

In addition, there are combination tools.

Tool structure

The structure of various tools is composed of a clamping part and a working part. The clamping part and working part of the overall structure of the tool are done on the tool body; The working part of the tool (the tooth or blade) is mounted on the tool body.

The clamping part of the tool has two kinds of holes and handles. The tool with hole relies on the inner hole set on the spindle or mandrel of the machine tool, and transmits the torsional torque with the help of the axial key or the end key, such as the cylindrical milling cutter and the sleeve face milling cutter.

The tool with the handle is usually rectangular handle, cylindrical handle and conical handle three kinds. Turning tools, planing tools, etc. are generally rectangular handles; The conical handle withstands the axial thrust with the taper and transmits the torque with the help of friction. Cylindrical shank is generally suitable for smaller twist drill, end mill and other tools, cutting with the help of the friction generated when clamping torque transfer. The shank of many tools with handles is made of low alloy steel, and the working part is made of high speed steel welded to each other.

The basic properties that the tool material should have

1. High hardness

The hardness of the tool material must be higher than the hardness of the workpiece material to be machined, which is the basic feature that the tool material should have.

2. Sufficient strength and toughness

The material of the cutting part of the tool must withstand great cutting force and impact force when cutting. The bending strength and impact toughness reflect the ability of tool material to resist brittle fracture and edge breakage.

3. High wear resistance and heat resistance

The wear resistance of tool materials refers to the ability to resist wear. The higher the hardness of the tool material, the better the wear resistance; The higher the high temperature hardness, the better the heat resistance, the tool material at high temperature resistance to plastic deformation, anti-wear ability is also stronger.

4. Good thermal conductivity

Large thermal conductivity means good thermal conductivity, and the heat capacity generated during cutting is easily transmitted out, thereby reducing the temperature of the cutting part and reducing tool wear.

5. Good technology and economy

In order to facilitate manufacturing, the tool material is required to have good machinability, including forging, welding, cutting, heat treatment, grindability and so on. Economy is one of the important indexes to evaluate and promote the application of new tool materials.

6. Resistance to bonding

Prevent the workpiece and the tool material molecules under the action of high temperature and high pressure adsorption bond.

7. Chemical stability

It means that the tool material is not easy to react chemically with the surrounding medium at high temperature.

Tool coating

Aluminum alloy indexable inserts are now coated with hard or composite layers of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, alumina by chemical vapor deposition. The physical vapor deposition method that is being developed can be used not only for aluminum alloy tools, but also for high-speed steel tools such as drills, hobs, taps and milling cutters. As a barrier that prevents chemical diffusion and heat conduction, the hard coating slows down the wear rate of the tool during cutting, and the life of the coated blade is about 1 to 3 times higher than that of the uncoated blade.

Tool selection is carried out in the human-machine interaction state of NC programming. The tool and handle should be correctly selected according to the machining capacity of the machine tool, the performance of the workpiece material, the processing procedure, the cutting amount and other relevant factors.

The general principle of tool selection: easy installation and adjustment, good rigidity, high durability and accuracy. On the premise of meeting the processing requirements, try to choose a shorter tool handle to improve the rigidity of the tool processing. When selecting the tool, the size of the tool should be adapted to the surface size of the workpiece to be machined.

1. End milling cutter is often used to process the peripheral outline of plane parts.

2. When milling the plane, carbide blade milling cutter should be selected.

3. When processing convex and grooves, choose high-speed steel end milling cutter.

4. When processing the blank surface or roughing the hole, you can choose the corn milling cutter with cemented carbide blade.

5. For the processing of some vertical surface and variable bevel contour, ball end milling cutter, ring milling cutter, conical milling cutter and disk milling cutter are often used.

6. In the processing of free-form surface, because the cutting speed of the end of the ball head tool is zero, so in order to ensure the processing accuracy, the cutting line spacing is generally very dense, so the ball head is often used in the finishing of the surface.

7, flat head tool in the surface processing quality and cutting efficiency are better than the ball head knife, therefore, as long as the premise of ensuring but cutting, whether it is rough surface machining or finishing, should be preferred to choose flat head knife.

8. In the machining center, various tools are installed on the tool library, and the tool selection and tool change are carried out at any time according to the procedure. Therefore, the standard tool handle must be used in order to make the standard tool for drilling, boring, expanding, milling and other processes quickly and accurately installed on the machine spindle or tool library. The number of tools should be reduced as far as possible; After a tool is installed, it should complete all the processing parts that it can carry out; Rough finishing tools should be used separately, even if the same size specifications of the tool; Milling before drilling; Surface finishing is carried out first, and then 2D contour finishing is carried out. Where possible, the automatic tool change function of CNC machine tools should be used as much as possible to improve production efficiency.

Problems encountered in processing aluminum and solutions when processing pure aluminum, easy to stick knife analysis and solutions:

1. Aluminum material is soft in texture and easy to stick at high temperature;

2. Aluminum is not resistant to high temperature, easy to open;

3. Related to processing cutting fluid: good oil lubrication performance; Good water-soluble cooling performance; High dry cutting cost;

4. When processing pure aluminum, the end mill dedicated to aluminum processing should be selected: positive front Angle, sharp cutting edge, large chip discharge slot, 45 degrees or 55 degrees helix Angle;

5. The material of the workpiece and the CNC tool has a greater affinity.

6. Rough front tool processing soft materials.

Recommendation: Machine tool conditions are poor to good requirements are low to high, please use high-speed steel, coated polished carbide, PCD polycrystalline diamond and single crystal diamond.

7. Low speed can be avoided by cutting fluid, high speed oil mist lubrication, the effect can be improved, aluminum alloy suitable

Due to the high temperature, high pressure, high speed, and the parts working in the corrosive fluid medium, the application of difficult to process more and more materials, the automation level of cutting processing and the processing accuracy requirements are getting higher and higher. In order to adapt to this situation, the development direction of the tool will be the development and application of new tool materials; Further develop the vapor deposition coating technology of the tool, and deposit higher hardness coating on the matrix of high toughness and high strength, so as to better solve the contradiction between hardness and strength of the tool material; Further development of indexable tool structure; Improve the manufacturing accuracy of the tool, reduce the difference in product quality, and optimize the use of the tool.How to choose CNC aluminum alloy machining tool.

The materials are wrong, all in vain! In order to produce satisfactory products, the choice of materials is the most basic step and the most critical step. CNC machining can choose a lot of materials, including metal materials, non-metallic materials and composite materials.

Common metal materials include steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, stainless steel and so on. Non-metallic materials are engineering plastics, nylon, bakelite, epoxy resin and so on. Composite materials are fiber reinforced plastic, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin, glass fiber reinforced aluminum and so on.

Different materials have different physical and mechanical properties, and the correct selection of the right material is critical to the performance, accuracy and durability of the part. Starting from my own experience, this article will share with you how to choose low cost and suitable materials among many processing materials.

First, we need to determine the end use of the product and its parts. For example, medical equipment needs to be disinfected, lunch boxes need to be heated in the microwave oven, bearings, gears, etc., need to be used for load-bearing and multiple rotational friction.

After determining the use, starting from the actual application needs of the product, the use of the product is investigated, and its technical requirements and environmental requirements are analyzed, and these needs are transformed into the characteristics of the material. For example, parts of medical equipment may have to withstand the extreme heat of an autoclave; Bearings, gears and other materials have requirements for wear resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength. Mainly can be analyzed from the following points:

01 Environmental Requirements

Analyze the actual use scenario and environment of the product; For example: What is the long-term working temperature of the product, the highest/lowest working temperature, respectively, belonging to high temperature or low temperature? Are there UV protection requirements indoors or outdoors? Is it in a dry environment or a humid, corrosive environment? Etc.

02 Technical Requirements

According to the technical requirements of the product, the required capabilities are analyzed, which can cover a range of application-related factors. Such as: the product needs to have conductive, insulating or anti-static which of the capabilities? Is heat dissipation, thermal conductivity, or flame retardant required? Do you need exposure to chemical solvents? Etc.

03 Physical Performance requirements

Analyze the required physical properties of the part based on the intended use of the product and the environment in which it will be used. For parts subjected to high stress or wear, factors such as strength, toughness and wear resistance are critical; For parts exposed to high temperatures for a long time, good thermal stability is required.

04 Appearance and surface treatment requirements

The market acceptance of the product depends largely on the appearance, the color and transparency of different materials are different, the finish and the corresponding surface treatment are also different. Therefore, according to the aesthetic requirements of the product, the processing materials should be selected.

05 Processing performance considerations

The machining properties of the material will affect the manufacturing process and accuracy of the part. For example, although stainless steel is rust resistant and corrosion resistant, its hardness is high, and it is easy to wear the tool during processing, resulting in very high processing costs, and it is not a good material to process. The plastic hardness is low, but it is easy to soften and deform during the heating process, and the stability is poor, which needs to be selected according to actual needs.

Because the actual application requirements of the product are composed of a number of contents, there may be multiple materials that meet the application requirements of a product; Or the situation where the optimal selection of different application requirements corresponds to different materials; We may end up with several materials that meet our specific requirements. Therefore, once the desired material properties are clearly defined, the remaining selection step is to search for the material that best matches those properties.

The selection of candidate materials begins with a review of material properties data, of course, it is not possible to investigate thousands of applied materials, and there is no need to do so. We can start from the material category, and first decide whether we need metal materials, non-metallic materials or composite materials. Then the previous analysis results, corresponding to the material characteristics, narrow the selection of candidate materials. Finally, the material cost information is used to select the most suitable material for the product from a number of candidate materials.

At present, Honscn has selected and launched a number of materials suitable for processing, which have been a popular choice for our customers.

Metallic materials refer to materials with properties such as luster, ductility, easy conduction and heat transfer. Its performance is mainly divided into four aspects, namely: mechanical properties, chemical properties, physical properties, process properties. These properties determine the scope of application of the material and the rationality of the application, which is an important reference for us to choose metal materials.The following will introduce two types of metal materials, aluminum alloy and copper alloy, which have different mechanical properties and processing characteristics.

There are more than 1000 aluminum alloy grades registered in the world, each brand name and meaning are different, different grades of aluminum alloy in hardness, strength, processability, decoration, corrosion resistance, weldability and other mechanical properties and chemical properties there are obvious differences, each has its strengths and weaknesses.

hardness

Hardness refers to its ability to resist scratches or indentations. It has a direct relationship with the chemical composition of the alloy, and different states have different effects on the hardness of aluminum. The hardness directly affects the cutting speed and the type of tool material that can be used in CNC machining.

From the highest hardness that can be achieved, 7 series > 2 series > 6 series > 5 series > 3 series > 1 series.

intensity

Strength refers to its ability to resist deformation and fracture, commonly used indicators include yield strength, tensile strength and so on.

It is an important factor that must be considered in product design, especially when aluminum alloy components are used as structural parts, the appropriate alloy should be selected according to the pressure under.

There is a positive relationship between hardness and strength: the strength of pure aluminum is the lowest, and the strength of 2 series and 7 series heat-treated alloys is the highest.

density

Density refers to its mass per unit volume and is often used to calculate the weight of a material.

Density is an important factor for a variety of different applications. Depending on the application, the density of aluminum will have a significant impact on how it is used. For example, lightweight, high-strength aluminum is ideal for construction and industrial applications.

The density of aluminum is about 2700kg/m³, and the density value of different types of aluminum alloy does not change much.

Corrosion resistance

Corrosion resistance refers to its ability to resist corrosion when in contact with other substances. It includes chemical corrosion resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance, stress corrosion resistance and other properties.

Corrosion resistance selection principle should be based on its use occasion, high-strength alloy used in a corrosive environment, must use a variety of anti-corrosion composite materials.

In general, the corrosion resistance of series 1 pure aluminum is the best, series 5 performs well, followed by series 3 and 6, and series 2 and 7 are poor.

processability

The machinability includes formability and machinability. Because formability is related to the state, after selecting the grade of aluminum alloy, it is also necessary to consider the strength range of each state, usually high strength materials are not easy to form.

If the aluminum is to be bent, drawn, deep drawing and other forming processes, the formability of the fully annealed material is the best, and on the contrary, the formability of the heat-treated material is the worst.

The machinability of aluminum alloy has a great relationship with the alloy composition, usually higher strength aluminum alloy machinability is better, on the contrary, low strength machinability is poor.

For molds, mechanical parts and other products that need to be cut, the machinability of aluminum alloy is an important consideration.

Welding and bending properties

Most aluminum alloys are welded without problems. In particular, some 5 series aluminum alloys are specially designed for welding considerations; Relatively speaking, some 2 series and 7 series aluminum alloys are more difficult to weld.

In addition, the 5 series aluminum alloy is also the most suitable for bending a class of aluminum alloy products.

Decorative property

When aluminum is applied to decoration or some specific occasions, its surface needs to be processed to obtain the corresponding color and surface organization. This situation requires us to focus on the decorative properties of materials.

Aluminum surface treatment options include anodizing and spraying. In general, materials with good corrosion resistance have excellent surface treatment properties.

Other characteristics

In addition to the above characteristics, there are electrical conductivity, wear resistance, heat resistance and other properties, we need to consider more in the selection of materials.

Orichalcum

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. Brass with different mechanical properties can be obtained by changing the content of zinc in brass. The higher the content of zinc in brass, the higher its strength and slightly lower plasticity.

The zinc content of the brass used in the industry does not exceed 45%, and the zinc content will be brittle and make the alloy performance worse. Adding 1% tin to brass can significantly improve the resistance of brass to seawater and Marine atmosphere corrosion, so it is called "navy brass".

Tin can improve the machinability of brass. Lead brass is commonly referred to as easy to cut national standard copper. The main purpose of adding lead is to improve the machinability and wear resistance, and lead has little effect on the strength of brass. Carving copper is also a kind of lead brass.

Most brasses have good color, processability, ductility, and are easy to electroplate or paint.

Red copper

Copper is pure copper, also known as red copper, has good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent plasticity, easy hot pressing and cold pressure processing, can be made into plates, rods, tubes, wires, strips, foil and other copper.

A large number of products that require good electrical conductivity such as electrocorroded copper and conductive bars for the manufacture of EDM, magnetic instruments and instruments that must be resistant to magnetic interference, such as compass and aviation instruments.

No matter what kind of material, a single model basically can not meet all the performance requirements of a product at the same time, and it is not necessary. We should set the priority of various performance according to the performance requirements of the product, the use of the environment, the processing process and other factors, reasonable selection of materials, and reasonable control of costs under the premise of ensuring performance.

Starts with hardware, doesn't stop with hardware. Honscn is committed to providing fastener/CNC industry chain one-stop service.

"CNC machining often has many advantages. From the perspective of automotive, aerospace and consumer applications, it is widely used in the manufacturing of components in these fields. And, in a way, it has similar properties to metal."

Polyformaldehyde, or POM, is a fascinating plastic resin that is widely used in various industrial fields. The aerospace, automotive and electronics industries are important consumers of this polymer. The processing of polyformaldehyde, especially when used in the manufacturing field, can achieve fast and efficient processing. In addition, it benefits users due to its high mechanical strength, stiffness, machinability and variety of grade choices.

This article contains the following key details of POM CNC machining, as well as its basic characteristics in terms of functions, applications, advantages, etc. Let's get started.

POM, a homopolymer, is also known as Delrin. It is widely adopted as an engineering grade thermoplastic for manufacturing prototypes for industrial use. It usually comes in two forms: copolymers or homopolymers. From complex prototypes to flexible machine parts, it brings economic benefits to manufacturing.

Product designers can benefit from its structural integrity, color diversity and stiffness characteristics. In addition, its reliability and resilience in wet environments make it suitable for Marine, medical and aerospace applications. POM, usually has some other name, such as; Acetal (acetal), polyacetal (polyacetal), polyformaldehyde, etc.

POM formaldehyde or polyacetal has significant advantages when used in machining. Benefit from leading technologies such as precision machining POM or CNC machining; For example; Milling, drilling, punching and punching. In addition, its versatility in various grades is very beneficial for machining experts. Delrin is also compatible with advanced cutting technologies; Examples include laser cutting and extrusion processes.

Some of the main features of CNC machining include:

1. It is lightweight, wear-resistant and has low friction properties.

2. POM's low friction capability means it can be used in high-precision rotating parts, such as automotive bushings, bearings and gears.

3. POM is similar to acrylic because of its inherent optical transparency and crystallinity.

4. Delrin comes in a variety of textures, colors and grades.

5. POM CNC machining is essential for high volume production and runs efficiently.

6. It has a lower heat absorption rate compared to other grade polymers such as nylon and polyethylene.

7. Evolved into CNC POM prototyping, CNC machining plays a key role in prototyping.

8. Delrine or POM is also known as metallic plastic or super steel because of its high rigidity and strength.

9. POM can be efficiently milling, drilling, grooving and cutting with CNC machining.

10. Manufacturers can use it for a variety of applications such as aerospace, automotive and consumer goods.

11. Design engineers can benefit from its dimensional stability and achieve tighter tolerances of ±0.0005 inches.

12. Rapid prototyping with CNC machining is feasible.

13. CNC lathes are also available for POM machining.

14. It describes low-cost solutions and offers economic benefits when produced in large volumes.

15. POM is a common technique; For example; CNC machining, injection molding, and 3D printing.

16. Prototypes and complex geometric shapes are easier to manufacture with POM CNC machining.

POM numerical control machining method

 

Plastic CNC machining can be deployed through various technologies; For example; CNC milling, CNC drilling, lathes, grinding, blanking and punching. Its ease of processing greatly affects its use in these processes. In addition, it has also received a lot of attention for its high elongation. Now, let's discuss the method to get the best results POM CNC machining.

The process begins with computer-aided design and programming to improve accuracy, quality, and optimization levels. After the virtual configuration, the instructions are forwarded to the CNC machine in the following form: G code for further processing prospects.

A cutting operation is then performed on the workpiece material (POM) to obtain the optimal dimensions and dimensions. It is recommended to use coolant when machining Delrin at high speed to prevent ineffective processing operations such as chip buildup or overheating.

The following are some of the techniques commonly used to process strong polyformaldehyde or POM.

1.POM CNC milling

CNC milling is often used to machine POM parts. Tools with sharp edges help to get the best Angle, as well as surface finish. Therefore, it is reasonable to use a single slot milling cutter to process Delrin. These cutters prevent chip buildup during machining operations.

2.POM CNC drilling

Standard twist and center drills are best suited for processing polyformaldehyde resins. These materials have strong, sharpened edges that ultimately allow for smooth milling operations on Delrin. The optimal cutting speed of the drilled POM must be approximately 1500rpm and the lip torsion Angle 118°.

3.POM CNC turning

POM CNC turning operation is similar to brass turning operation. The best results can be achieved by maintaining high speed turning at the same rate as the medium feed rate. In order to prevent interference and excessive chip accumulation problems, a chip-breaker must be used for precision turning operations.

4. Blanking and punching

Blanking and stamping, both methods are preferred for small and medium-sized complex parts. During operation, cracks in the sheet can lead to major problems of improper processing. To eliminate this problem, it is best to preheat the Delrin plate and use a manual or high punch.

Highlights: "During POM CNC machining, it is important to keep the POM tight or hold the POM and use a hard steel or carbide tool.

The two most common acetal grades are very useful for CNC machining; Polyformaldehyde resin 150, polyformaldehyde resin; 100 (AF). Let's evaluate their compatibility;

1. Delrin 150

Derlin 150 belongs to the acetal homopolymer family. It has high mechanical strength, stiffness and wear resistance. Thanks to these unique features, it is ideal for CNC machining of gears, bushings, gaskets and automotive interior and exterior finishes. In addition, its stability under high temperature conditions makes it ideal for irrigation and conveyor parts.

2. Delrin 100(A)

Delrin 100 A is integrated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for enhanced mechanical stability and viscosity. It is widely used in gear systems or components that require low friction characteristics. In addition, it has strong moisture and chemical resistance. In addition, it eliminates the self-lubricating (oil or grease) characteristic, making it different from other Delrin grades.

The desired surface finish plays a key role in the machining process. When it comes to surface treatment, two options are usually employed: machining and sandblasting. Here is a brief introduction to these;

After processing

CNC machining often leaves a bumpy surface or texture on the surface of the acetal part. When rough or textured parts are needed to improve the frictional properties of the parts, the surface treatment is preferred. The typical roughness range that can be achieved by machining is about 32 to 250 microinches (0.8 to 6.3 microns).

Pearl burst

In most cases, machining tools leave marks on acetal parts. Sandblasting is often used to prevent tool marks and enhance the visual effect of Delrin machined parts. It works by releasing glass beads or fine particles onto the surface of machined parts under high pressure. In addition, it improves durability and provides a valuable, smooth, matte, aesthetically pleasing and satin-polished appearance to polyformaldehyde resin machine parts.

There are other techniques; For example; Anodizing, polishing, painting and stamping. However, most design engineers prefer the above two options due to economic feasibility.

However, there are huge benefits to using Delrin for CNC machining. Besides, it also has some disadvantages. Here are Delrin's limitations;

Adhesion: Although acetal has excellent chemical resistance, it often presents challenges in bonding with strong adhesives. To overcome this problem, designers may need to employ post-treated surface options for best results.

Thermal sensitivity: Thermal sensitivity is a noteworthy issue for design manufacturers. The ability of acetone alcohols to withstand high temperature conditions is very significant. However, it is well suited for applications where mechanical stability is critical. But in some cases, when it is exposed to high temperature conditions, there will be deformation or distortion problems. Compared with nylon, nylon shows higher strength and structural strength even in harsh environments.

High flammability: The processing of polyformaldehyde resin faces the challenge of flammability. It is sensitive to temperatures above 121 degrees Celsius. It is recommended to always use a coolant, such as air coolant, to maintain the temperature during the processing operation. In order to overcome or control flammability problems, it is also necessary to use A Class A fire extinguisher when processing POM.

From automotive interiors to aerospace components, Drin is used in a wide range of applications. Let's take a look at some of its key applications in manufacturing;

Medical industry

POM is an important material for medical components or equipment. As an engineered thermoplastic, it meets the strict quality standards of the FDA or ISO. Its applications range from enclosures and housings to complex functional components; For example; Disposable syringes, surgical tools, valves, inhalers, prosthetics and medical implants.

Automobile industry

Derlin supplies a wide range of automotive components to the automotive industry. Its high mechanical strength, low friction, and wear resistance allow engineers to use it to make important car, motorcycle, and electric vehicle parts. Some common examples include: articulated housings, locking systems, and fuel transmitter units.

Consumer appliances

When it comes to convenient applications, polyformaldehyde processing describes several significant benefits. Manufacturing experts use it to make zippers, cooking utensils, washing machines and clips.

Industrial machinery parts

Derlin's great strength enables it to be used in industrial parts manufacturing. Its ability to withstand wear and low friction characteristics makes it ideal for components such as springs, fan wheels, gears, housings, scrapers and rollers.

As an industry pioneer, Honscn is always at the forefront of market developments. We know that in the fierce market competition, only by constantly honing ourselves can we create indestructible competitiveness. Therefore, we adhere to technological innovation and integrate scientific management into every production link to ensure that every step is accurate. We not only focus on the pulse of the domestic market, but also in line with international standards, with a global perspective to examine the industry trend, grasp the pulse of The Times. With an open mind, embrace the world, with excellent quality, win the future!

Please feel free to contact us to discuss your project needs!

CNC machining process common problem points and improvement methods

Starting from the actual production, this paper summarizes the common problems and improvement ways of CNC machining process, and how to choose the three important factors of speed, feed rate and cutting depth in different application fields

The workpiece is over-cut

The reason:

1. Knife, tool strength is not enough too long or too small, resulting in knife.
2. Improper operation by the operator.
3. Uneven cutting allowance (such as: 0.5 on the side of the surface, 0.15 on the bottom)
4. Improper cutting parameters (such as: tolerance is too large, SF setting too fast, etc.)

Improvements:

1. The principle of using a knife: can be big or small, can be short or not long.
2. Add the clearing procedure, and the margin is as even as possible (the margin on the side and the bottom is the same).
3. Reasonable adjustment of cutting parameters, large margin corner round.
4. With the SF function of the machine, the operator fine-tunes the speed to achieve the best cutting effect.

The central question

The reason:

1. Operator manual operation is not accurate.
2. There are burrs around the mold.
3. The center bar has magnetic field.
4. The four sides of the mold are not vertical.

Improvements:

1. Manual operation should be carefully checked repeatedly, and the points should be at the same point and height as far as possible.
2. Remove burrs with a whetstone or file around the mold, wipe clean with a rag, and finally confirm with your hand.
3. Demagnetize the dividing rod before dividing the mold (ceramic dividing rod or other).
4. Check whether the four sides of the mold are vertical (if the verticality error is large, it is necessary to review the plan with the fitter).

The knife problem

The reason:

1. Operator manual operation is not accurate.
2. Tool clamping error.
3. The blade on the knife is wrong (the knife itself has a certain error).
4. There is an error between R knife and flat knife and flying knife.

Improvements:

1. Manual operation should be carefully checked repeatedly, and the knife should be at the same point as possible.
2. Blow clean with air gun or wipe clean with rag when clamping the tool.
3. One blade can be used when the blade on the flying knife is to measure the rod and light the bottom surface.
4. A separate knife program can avoid the error between R knife flat knife flying knife.

The crash - programming

The reason:

1. The safety height is not enough or not set (the knife or chuck hits the workpiece when the fast feed G00).
2. The tool on the program list and the actual program tool are written wrong.
3. The tool length (blade length) and the actual machining depth on the program list are wrong.
4. The depth Z-axis fetch number and the actual Z-axis fetch number on the program are written incorrectly.
5. The coordinates are set incorrectly during programming.

Improvements:

1. Accurate measurement of the height of the workpiece also ensures that the safety height is above the workpiece.
2. The tool on the program list should be consistent with the actual program tool (try to use the automatic program list or use the picture program list).
3. Measure the actual depth of machining on the workpiece, write the length of the tool and the length of the blade on the program sheet (generally, the tool clip length is 2-3MM higher than the workpiece, and the blade length avoidance is 0.5-1.0MM).
4. Take the actual Z-axis number on the workpiece and write it clearly on the program sheet. (This operation is generally written manually to check repeatedly).

Crash machine - Operator

The reason:

1. Depth Z-axis alignment error ·
2. The number of touch and operation errors (such as: unilateral access without feed radius, etc.).
3. Use the wrong knife (such as: D4 knife with D10 knife to process).
4. The program goes wrong (for example: A7.NC goes A9.NC).
5. The hand wheel is rotated in the wrong direction during manual operation.
6. Press the wrong direction (for example, -X +X) during manual fast feed.

Improvements:

1. Depth Z-axis knife must pay attention to the position of the knife. (bottom, top, analysis, etc.).
2. Check the number of touch and operation repeatedly after completion.
3. When installing the tool, it should be installed after repeated check with the program list and the program.
4. The program should go one by one in order.
5. In the manual operation, the operator should strengthen the operation proficiency of the machine tool.
6. In the manual fast movement, you can first raise the Z axis to the workpiece above the move.

Surface accuracy

The reason:

1. The cutting parameters are unreasonable and the workpiece surface is rough.
2. The edge of the tool is not sharp.
3. The tool clamping is too long, and the blade is too long.
4. Chip removal, air blowing, oil flushing is not good.
5. Programming cutting mode, (you can try to consider going down milling).
6. The workpiece has burrs.

Improvements:

1. Cutting parameters, tolerances, allowance, speed feed Settings should be reasonable.
2. The tool requires the operator to check and replace it periodically.
3. When installing the tool, the operator is required to clip as short as possible, and the blade should not be too long.
4. For the lower cut of flat knife, R knife and round nose knife, the speed feed setting should be reasonable.
5. The workpiece has burrs: the root of our machine tools, tools, and cutting methods are directly related. Therefore, we need to understand the performance of the machine tool and repair the edge with burrs.

The blade is broken

Reasons and improvements:

1. Feed too fast

-- Slow down to a suitable feed speed

2. Feed too fast at the beginning of cutting

-- Slow down the feed rate at the beginning of cutting

3. Clamp loosely (knife)

-- Clamp

4. Clamping loose (workpiece)

-- Clamp

5. Insufficient rigidity (tool)

-- Use the shortest knife allowed, a little deeper in the grip, and try downmilling

6. The cutting edge of the tool is too sharp

- Change the fragile cutting edge Angle, one edge

7. Insufficient rigidity of machine tools and tool handles

-- Use a rigid machine tool and a tool handle

Wear and Tear

Reasons and improvements:

1. Machine speed is too fast

- Slow down and add enough coolant

2. Harden the material

-- Use advanced tools and tool materials to increase surface treatment

3. Chip adhesion

- Change the feed speed, chip size or clean the chip with cooling oil or air gun

4. Improper feed speed (too low)

-- Increase feed speed and try downmilling

5. The cutting Angle is not suitable

- Change to the appropriate cutting Angle

6. The first back corner of the knife is too small

-- Change to a larger back Angle

Destruction

Reasons and improvements:

1. Feed too fast

-- Slow down the feed rate

2. The cutting amount is too large

-- Use smaller cutting amounts per edge

3. Blade length and full length are too large

- Deep grip, with a short knife, try to mill down

4. Too much wear and tear

-- Regrind at an early stage

Vibration marks

Reasons and improvements:

1. Feed and cutting speed is too fast

- Correct feed and cutting speed

2. Insufficient rigidity (machine tools and tool handles)

- Use better machine tools and tool handles or change the cutting conditions

3. The rear Angle is too large

- Change to a smaller back Angle, machining the edge belt (oil stone grinding once)

4. Clamp loosely

-- Clamp the workpiece

◆ Consider speed, feed

The relationship between the three factors of speed, feed and cutting depth is the most important factor to determine the cutting effect, inappropriate feed and speed often lead to reduced production, poor workpiece quality, tool damage.

Use the low speed range for:

• High hardness material
• Headstrong big material
• Hard to cut material
• Heavy cut
• Minimal tool wear
• Maximum tool life

Use the high speed range for:

• Soft material
• Good surface quality
• Smaller tool diameter
• Light cut
• Large brittle workpiece
• Manual operation
• Maximum processing efficiency
• Non-metallic material

Use high feeds for:

• Heavy, rough cutting
• Rigid construction
• Machinable material
• Roughing tool
• Surface cutting
• Low tensile strength material
• Coarse tooth milling cutter

Use a low feed for:

• Light machining, fine cutting
• Brittle structure
• Difficult material
• Small cutter
• Deep vertical groove machining
• High tensile strength material
• Finishing tool

Honscn has more than ten years of cnc machining experience, specializing in cnc machining, hardware mechanical parts processing, automation equipment parts processing. Robot parts processing, UAV parts processing, bicycle parts processing, medical parts processing, etc. It is one of the high-quality suppliers of cnc machining. At present, the company has more than 20 sets of cnc machining centers, grinding machines, milling machines, high-quality high-precision testing equipment, to provide customers with precision and high-quality cnc spare parts processing services.Contact us

June 17, 2024 - In recent years, the CNC custom machining industry is booming at an unprecedented rate, constantly showing exciting new trends and new opportunities.

With the rapid development of advanced technology, the CNC custom machining industry is taking great strides in the direction of high intelligence. The application of innovative technologies such as intelligent sensors, intelligent monitoring systems and automated programming software makes the processing process more accurate, efficient and reliable. Many enterprises have increased investment in intelligent equipment, such as Honscn introduced the most advanced intelligent machining center, not only to achieve unattended long-term continuous operation, but also to analyze data in real time, optimize processing parameters, greatly improving production efficiency and product quality.

In terms of customization, the continuous growth of market demand is driving the in-depth development of the industry.       Today, consumers are increasingly hungry for personalized products, whether in aerospace, automotive manufacturing or electronic devices, there is a high demand for unique components and products. CNC custom processing enterprises respond positively, through flexible production mode and exquisite technology, to meet the customer's various creative customization needs. Honscn has successfully created exclusive high-precision parts for many well-known enterprises by virtue of its excellent customization capabilities, and has won widespread praise and market share.

Digital transformation has also become one of the key trends in the CNC custom machining industry. With technologies such as big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things, enterprises can achieve comprehensive monitoring and management of production processes, from order receipt, process design to production and processing and quality inspection, and can achieve digital collaboration and optimization. At the same time, digitization also provides enterprises with a huge amount of data resources. By analyzing these data, enterprises can better understand the market dynamics and customer needs, so that they can make more informed decisions. Honscn uses the digital platform to achieve efficient docking with suppliers and customers, greatly shortening the production cycle, and enhancing the competitiveness of the enterprise.

In addition, the concept of green sustainable development is also deeply affecting the CNC custom processing industry.       Enterprises are paying more and more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction, using environmentally friendly materials and green processes. Many companies have begun to develop and apply energy-saving equipment to reduce energy consumption and waste emissions by optimizing processing processes. For example, Honscn is committed to developing new environmentally friendly processing technologies, which not only reduces the impact on the environment, but also brings good economic and social benefits to the enterprise.

Industry experts pointed out that the future CNC custom machining industry will continue to accelerate on the road of intelligence, customization, digitalization and green.  This requires not only the continuous technological innovation and management upgrading of enterprises, but also the joint support and efforts of the government, scientific research institutions and all sectors of society. The government should increase policy support and capital investment for the industry and encourage enterprises to carry out R&D and innovation activities. Scientific research institutions should strengthen cooperation with enterprises to promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements;       all sectors of society should also improve their awareness and attention to the industry and create a good atmosphere for its development.

One notable example is Honscn, which recently utilized CNC custom machining to create intricate components for the aerospace industry. Their highly precise manufacturing process enabled the production of lightweight yet durable parts that are crucial for aircraft performance. These custom parts not only met the strictest quality standards but also contributed to enhanced fuel efficiency and overall safety.

Another case is Honscn in the medical field. They employed CNC custom machining to fabricate custom surgical instruments with exacting specifications. The resulting tools offer surgeons greater precision and control during complex procedures, improving patient outcomes and care.

In the automotive sector, Honscn used CNC custom machining to produce unique engine parts that optimized engine performance and efficiency. These custom-engineered components gave their vehicles a competitive edge in the market.

• Technology upgrading: The CNC custom machining industry will continue to introduce new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data, etc., to improve production efficiency, processing accuracy and quality.

• Increased automation: With the development of automation technology, CNC custom machining equipment will become more intelligent and automated, enabling automated production, monitoring and adjustment.

• Increased demand for customization: Increasing consumer demand for personalized products will drive the CNC custom machining industry to become more flexible and diversified to meet the needs of different customers.

• Green manufacturing: Increased environmental awareness will encourage the CNC custom machining industry to adopt more environmentally friendly materials and processes, reducing the impact on the environment.

• Industry consolidation: As market competition intensifies, there may be consolidation in the CNC custom machining industry, and some small enterprises may be acquired or merged by large enterprises to improve market competitiveness.

• High-end development: The CNC custom machining industry will gradually develop to high-end, producing higher precision and more complex products to meet the needs of high-end fields such as aerospace and medical.

• Global layout: In order to reduce costs and expand the market, CNC custom machining companies may be laid out on a global scale to establish production bases and sales networks.

1. High precision and high quality: We have advanced CNC equipment and exquisite technology, to ensure that the processed products have high precision and stable quality, to meet a variety of strict standards and requirements.

2. Efficient production capacity: Through optimized processing process and automated equipment, we have fast and efficient production capacity, can deliver customer orders in time, shorten the production cycle, and improve customer satisfaction.

3. Rich processing experience: Over the years, we have focused on the field of CNC machining and accumulated rich industry experience. Whether it is complex parts or special workpieces, we can cope with it freely and provide reliable processing solutions.

4. Customized services: According to the individual needs of customers, flexible adjustment of processing programs to achieve unique customized production to meet the diverse needs of different customers in different fields.

5. Strict quality control: A sound quality control system has been established, from raw material procurement to processing and then to finished product inspection, layers of control to ensure that each product achieves excellent quality.

6. Advanced technical team: Our technical team continues to learn and explore the latest technologies, and can apply new technologies to production in a timely manner to maintain a leading position in the industry.

7. Cost benefit advantage: Through optimizing production management and resource allocation, effectively control costs under the premise of ensuring quality, and provide customers with cost-effective products and services.

8. Good customer service: always uphold the concept of customer first, provide a full range of customer service, maintain close communication with customers, solve customer problems in a timely manner, and establish long-term stable cooperative relations.

9. Innovation ability: Encourage innovative thinking, can constantly improve processing technology and methods, to provide customers with more innovative and competitive products.

10. Stable supply chain: We have established long-term cooperative relations with high-quality raw material suppliers to ensure the stable supply of raw materials and provide a strong guarantee for production.

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