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In the field of machining industry, the precision size control of drawings plays a vital role, which directly affects the assembly performance and quality of mechanical equipment. The main factor affecting the size of precision machining is the error problem, because the error problem is affected by a variety of factors, in the machine precision machining will inevitably appear a variety of error problems, so only the use of various technical measures, the precision control in a scientific range. This requires technical personnel to strictly process according to the production drawings, and strictly require the machining process flow, so as to ensure the accuracy of the size of the precision machining production drawings to the greatest extent.
Today, with the rapid development of social economy and industrial reform, the role played by precision machining has become more and more important, and China's machining industry has also made great progress, not only the quality has been greatly improved, but also greatly expanded in the scale of production. With the development of the industrialization process, the precision of precision machining is also more and more attention, therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the control of precision in the process of machining (precision machining process, the control of precision must be attached great importance, and take reasonable technical measures to solve the problems.
Content of machining and influencing factors
In the field of mechanical processing in China, there is a clear definition of the accuracy of mechanical processing, which refers to the professional and technical personnel after the completion of the processing of mechanical parts, the use of instruments to detect the position of the parts, shape, size and related data, so as to determine the degree of compliance of the parts. Generally speaking, the main factor affecting the accuracy of machining is the various errors generated in machining, and the operators and technical units of technical processing must attach great importance to this problem. In machining, the control and grasp of precision are obviously related to the error problem of machining. Machining error is mainly reflected by the shape, size and position, it is through the use of mechanical size control to achieve the purpose of controlling the precision of machining, in ensuring the surface quality of machining, the machining size error control within a reasonable range. In the process of machining, due to the impact of the benchmark and the machining surface, it will cause the deviation of the position of the precision parts, so the verticality, position and parallelism of the precision machining must be strictly controlled.
In the process of precision machining, there are strict requirements for various production technologies and production processes, so as to reduce or even eliminate the purpose of machining technology errors. In machining, the error between the spindle rotation is an important factor affecting the accuracy. In the process of modern mechanical production and processing, the error caused by the spindle rotation problem is very obvious, which is more obvious in high-tech and high-precision products, which is also an important factor affecting the processing. For the resulting error, the error can be reduced by processing and transforming the machinery. In addition, bearings with higher precision can also be used, which can also significantly reduce the resulting error.
In addition to the error caused by the spindle rotation, the error caused by the problem of the fixture and the tool can not be ignored. Due to the requirements of production, machining manufacturers will renovate the size, type and model of fixtures and tools to a certain extent, which will have a greater impact on the accuracy of machining. In the actual processing process, the size of the fixture and the tool are fixed, which makes it impossible to adjust the size of the fixture and the tool in the process of production and processing. This will cause a certain error flow in the mechanical processing when the technical parameters and the working environment change.
In addition, due to the process of using and installing fixtures and tools, the position of fixtures and tools will be changed, resulting in errors. Of course, the cutting force will also have a certain impact on the machining, resulting in the generation of errors, and ultimately the accuracy of the machining. Due to the influence of the external environment and temperature, the machined parts can easily affect the cutting force. The greater accuracy error is caused by the local change of the process system and the overall deformation. In the process of mechanical production and processing, if the change of the direction of the tightening degree and the insufficient stiffness of the parts are affected, the deformation of the machined parts will be caused, and the machining will produce a lot of errors, which will affect the precision control of the machining.
Technical measures to control machining accuracy
In the process of mechanical production and processing, the problem of processing accuracy must be strictly controlled, and the accuracy problem must be comprehensively considered, so the processing accuracy of each part must be greatly improved, so as to improve the accuracy of the entire mechanical equipment. In the process of machining, the original error plays an important role in ensuring the quality of machining. For mechanical components, it is necessary to classify them according to the requirements of relevant regulations, according to the material, type, model, size and use, and then develop a certain accuracy range, and control the precision error of the machined parts within this range. For the technical staff, it is necessary to determine a reasonable range of the error generated in the machining, and make reasonable adjustments to the fixture and the tool, so as to control the error within this reasonable range, and ultimately reduce the error of the part to the greatest extent. Only by controlling the errors in machining, can the precision control of machining be achieved to the maximum extent, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the precision of machining.
Compensating error method
Error compensation method refers to the use of processing means to achieve error compensation after the machining of mechanical parts, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the error in the processing of parts. Compensation error method is a very important technical measure to solve the stiffness problem of the process. The main principle is to compensate the original error by creating a new error, so as to improve the precision control level in precision machining. Error compensation method is an important means to reduce the machining error, which has been widely used in practice at home and abroad. In domestic regulations, the original error is generally represented by a negative number, and the compensation error is specified as a positive number, so that when the original error and the compensation error are closer to zero, the smaller the machining error.
Of course, the methods of reducing errors and improving precision control are not only these two, but also the transfer error method is a more commonly used method of reducing errors. Therefore, in the actual production process, it is necessary to choose a reasonable method to reduce the error according to different situations, so as to achieve the best precision control and promote the continuous and stable development of precision machining.
Thread machining is one of the very important applications of CNC machining center. The machining quality and efficiency of thread will directly affect the machining quality of parts and the production efficiency of machining center.With the improvement of the performance of CNC machining center and the improvement of cutting tools, the method of thread machining is also improving, and the accuracy and efficiency of thread machining are also gradually improving. In order to enable technicians to reasonably select thread processing methods in processing, improve production efficiency and avoid quality accidents, several thread processing methods commonly used in CNC machining center are summarized as follows:1. Tap processing method
1.1 classification and characteristics of tap processingUsing tap to process threaded hole is the most commonly used processing method. It is mainly applicable to threaded holes with small diameter (d30) and low requirements for hole position accuracy.
In the 1980s, the flexible tapping method was adopted for threaded holes, that is, the flexible tapping collet was used to clamp the tap. The tapping collet can be used for axial compensation to compensate the feed error caused by the non synchronization between the axial feed of the machine tool and the spindle speed, so as to ensure the correct pitch. The flexible tapping collet has complex structure, high cost, easy damage and low processing efficiency. In recent years, the performance of CNC machining center Gradually, the rigid tapping function has become the basic configuration of CNC machining center.
Therefore, rigid tapping has become the main method of thread machining.That is, the tap is clamped with a rigid spring collet, and the feed of the spindle is consistent with the spindle speed controlled by the machine tool.Compared with the flexible tapping chuck, the spring chuck has the advantages of simple structure, low price and wide application. In addition to holding the tap, it can also hold the end milling cutter, drill bit and other tools, which can reduce the tool cost. At the same time, the rigid tapping can be used for high-speed cutting, improve the use efficiency of the processing center and reduce the manufacturing cost.
1.2 determination of threaded bottom hole before tappingThe processing of threaded bottom hole has a great impact on the life of tap and the quality of thread processing. Generally, the diameter of threaded bottom hole drill is close to the upper limit of the diameter tolerance of threaded bottom hole,For example, the bottom hole diameter of M8 threaded hole is 6.7 0.27mm, select the drill bit diameter as 6.9mm. In this way, the machining allowance of tap can be reduced, the load of tap can be reduced, and the service life of tap can be improved.
1.3 selection of tapWhen selecting taps, first of all, the corresponding taps must be selected according to the processed materials. The tool company produces different types of taps according to different processing materials, and special attention should be paid to the selection.
Because the tap is very sensitive to the processed materials compared with the milling cutter and boring cutter. For example, using the tap for processing cast iron to process aluminum parts is easy to cause thread dropping, disorderly threading and even tap breaking, resulting in workpiece scrapping. Secondly, pay attention to the difference between the through-hole tap and the blind hole tap. The front-end guide of the through-hole tap is long, and the chip removal is the front-end chip. The front-end guide of the blind hole is short, and the chip removal is the front-end It is the back chip. Machining the blind hole with a through-hole tap cannot guarantee the thread machining depth. Moreover, if a flexible tapping collet is used, it should also be noted that the diameter of the tap handle and the width of the four sides should be the same as that of the tapping collet; the diameter of the tap handle for rigid tapping should be the same as that of the spring jacket. In short, only a reasonable selection of the tap can ensure the smooth machining.
1.4 NC programming of tap machiningThe programming of tap machining is relatively simple. Now the machining center generally solidifies the tapping subroutine and only needs to assign values to various parameters. However, it should be noted that the meaning of some parameters is different due to different NC systems and different subroutine formats.For example, the programming format of Siemens 840C control system is g84 x_y_r2_r3_r4_r5_r6_r7_r8_r9_r10_r13_. Only these 12 parameters need to be assigned during programming.
2. Thread milling method2.1 characteristics of thread millingThread milling adopts thread milling tool and three-axis linkage of machining center, that is, x-axis and y-axis arc interpolation and z-axis linear feed.
Thread milling is mainly used to process large hole threads and threaded holes of difficult to process materials. It mainly has the following characteristics:(1) high processing speed, high efficiency and high processing precision. The tool material is generally cemented carbide, with fast tool walking speed. The manufacturing precision of the tool is high, so the milling thread precision is high.(2) the milling tool has a wide range of application. As long as the pitch is the same, whether it is left-hand thread or right-hand thread, one tool can be used, which is conducive to reducing the tool cost.
(3) milling is easy to remove chips and cool, and the cutting condition is better than that of tap. It is especially suitable for thread processing of difficult to process materials such as aluminum, copper and stainless steel, especially for thread processing of large parts and components of precious materials, which can ensure the thread processing quality and workpiece safety.(4) because there is no tool front-end guide, it is suitable for machining blind holes with short thread bottom holes and holes without tool return grooves.2.2 classification of thread milling tools
Thread milling tools can be divided into two types, one is the machine clamp cemented carbide blade milling cutter, and the other is the integral cemented carbide milling cutter. The machine clamp cutter has a wide range of applications. It can process holes with thread depth less than the blade length or holes with thread depth greater than the blade length. The integral cemented carbide milling cutter is generally used to process holes with thread depth less than the tool length.2.3 NC programming of thread millingThe programming of thread milling tool is different from that of other tools. If the processing program is wrong, it is easy to cause tool damage or thread processing error. The following points should be paid attention to during programming:
(1) firstly, the threaded bottom hole shall be processed well, the small diameter hole shall be processed with a drill, and the larger hole shall be bored to ensure the accuracy of the threaded bottom hole.(2) when cutting in and cutting out the tool, the arc path shall be adopted, usually 1 / 2 turn, and 1 / 2 pitch shall be traveled in the z-axis direction to ensure the thread shape. The tool radius compensation value shall be brought in at this time.(3) the x-axis and y-axis circular arc shall be interpolated for one week, and the main shaft shall travel a pitch along the z-axis direction, otherwise the threads will be buckled disorderly.
(4) specific example program: the diameter of thread milling cutter is 16. The threaded hole is M48 1.5, the depth of threaded hole is 14.The processing procedure is as follows:(the procedure of threaded bottom hole is omitted, and the bottom hole shall be bored) G0 G90 g54 x0 y0g0 Z10 m3 s1400 m8g0 z-14.75 feed to the deepest thread G01 G41 x-16 Y0 F2000 move to the feed position, add radius compensation G03 x24 Y0 z-14 I20 J0 f500 cut in with 1 / 2 circle of arc G03 x24 Y0 Z0 I-24 J0 F400 cut the whole thread G03 x-16 Y0 z0.75 I-20 J0 f500 cut out with 1 / 2 circle of arc G01 G40 x0 Y0 return to the center and cancel radius compensation G0 Z100M30
3. Snap method3.1 characteristics of snap methodLarge threaded holes can sometimes be encountered on box parts. In the absence of tap and thread milling cutter, the method similar to lathe pick-up can be adopted.
Install the thread turning tool on the boring bar to bore the thread.The company once processed a batch of parts with m52x1.5 thread and 0.1mm positional degree (see Figure 1). Because of the high positional requirements and large thread hole, it is impossible to process with tap and there is no thread milling cutter. After the test, the thread picking method is adopted to ensure the processing requirements.3.2 precautions for buckle picking method
(1) after the spindle is started, there shall be a delay time to ensure that the spindle reaches the rated speed.(2) during tool retraction, if it is a hand ground thread tool, because the tool cannot be grinded symmetrically, reverse tool retraction cannot be adopted. The spindle orientation must be adopted, the tool moves radially, and then the tool retraction.(3) the manufacturing of the cutter bar must be accurate, especially the position of the cutter slot must be consistent. If it is inconsistent, multiple cutter bars cannot be used for processing, otherwise it will cause disorderly buckle.
(4) even if it is a very fine buckle, it cannot be picked with one knife, otherwise it will cause tooth loss and poor surface roughness. At least two knives shall be divided.(5) the processing efficiency is low, which is only applicable to single piece, small batch, special pitch thread and no corresponding tool.3.3 specific procedures
N5 G90 G54 G0 X0 Y0N10 Z15N15 S100 M3 M8
N20 G04 X5 delay to make the spindle reach the rated speedN25 G33 z-50 K1.5 turnbuckleN30 M19 spindle orientation
N35 G0 X-2 cutterN40 G0 z15 tool retractionEditing: JQ
In modern manufacturing, CNC (computer digital control) processing technology plays a vital role. Among them, turning, milling, cutting and turning milling combined processing are common process methods. They each have unique characteristics and scope of application, but also have some advantages and disadvantages. In-depth understanding of the similarities and differences of these processing technologies is of great significance for optimizing the production process and improving the processing quality and efficiency.
Advantages and disadvantages of machining processes such as CNC turning, milling, cutting and turn-milling combined machining
CNC turning
(1) Advantages
1. Suitable for processing rotary parts, such as shaft, disk parts, can efficiently realize the outer circle, inner circle, thread and other surface processing.
2. Because the tool moves along the axis of the part, the cutting force is usually more stable, which is conducive to ensuring the machining accuracy and surface quality.
(2) Disadvantages
1. For non-rotating parts or parts with complex shapes, the processing capacity of turning is limited.
2. A clamping usually can only process one surface, for multi-sided processing requires multiple clamping, which may affect the processing accuracy.
CNC milling
(1) Advantages
1. Can process various shapes of parts, including plane, surface, cavity, etc., with strong versatility.
2. High precision machining of complex shapes can be achieved through multi-axis linkage.
(2) Disadvantages
1. When processing slender shaft or thin-walled parts, it is easy to deform due to the action of cutting force.
2. The cutting speed of milling is usually higher, the tool wear is faster, and the cost is relatively high.
CNC cutting
(1) Advantages
1. High machining accuracy and surface roughness can be obtained.
2. Suitable for processing materials with high hardness.
(2) Disadvantages
1. The cutting speed is slow, and the processing efficiency is relatively low.
2. Higher requirements for tools and higher tool costs.
CNC turning and milling composite processing
(1) Advantages
1. Integrated turning and milling functions, a clamping can complete the processing of multiple processes, reduce the clamping times, improve the processing accuracy and production efficiency.
2. Can process complex shape parts, make up for the lack of a single turning or milling process.
(2) Disadvantages
1. The equipment cost is high, and the technical requirements for the operator are also high.
2. Programming and process planning are relatively complex.
CNC turning, milling, cutting and turning milling combined processing processes each have advantages and disadvantages. In the actual production, the processing technology should be reasonably selected according to the structural characteristics of the parts, precision requirements, production batch and other factors to achieve the best processing effect and economic benefits. With the continuous progress of technology, these processing processes will also continue to develop and improve, providing stronger support for the development of the manufacturing industry.
The similarities and differences of CNC turning, milling, cutting and turning milling combined machining are analyzed from different angles
1. processing objects and shapes
1. Turning: mainly suitable for processing rotary parts, such as shaft, disc, sleeve parts, can efficiently process outer circle, inner circle, cone, thread and so on.
2. Milling: better at processing planes, steps, grooves, surfaces, etc., with advantages for non-rotating parts and parts with complex contours.
3. Cutting: It is usually used for fine machining of parts to obtain high precision surface and size.
4. Turning and milling composite processing: It integrates the functions of turning and milling, and can process parts with complex shapes and both rotary and non-rotary characteristics.
2. tool movement mode
1. Turning: The tool moves in a straight line or curve along the axis of the part.
2. Milling: The tool rotates around its own axis and does translation movement along the surface of the part.
3. Cutting: The tool makes precise cutting action relative to the part.
4. Turning and milling composite processing: on the same machine tool, to achieve different movement combinations of turning tools and milling tools.
3. processing accuracy and surface quality
1. Turning: When processing the surface of the rotary body, it can achieve higher accuracy and better surface quality.
2. Milling: Machining accuracy for flat and complex profiles depends on machine tool accuracy and tool selection.
3. Cutting: Very high precision and excellent surface roughness can be achieved.
4. Turning and milling composite processing: combining the advantages of turning and milling, it can meet the high accuracy requirements, but the accuracy is also affected by the comprehensive impact of the machine tool and process.
4. Processing efficiency
1. Turning: For large quantities of rotary parts processing, high efficiency.
2. Milling: When machining complex shapes and polyhedral parts, the efficiency depends on the tool path and machine performance.
3. Cutting: Because the cutting speed is relatively slow, the processing efficiency is generally low, but it is indispensable in the demand for high precision.
4. Turning and milling composite processing: one clamping to complete a variety of processes, reduce the clamping time and error, improve the overall processing efficiency.
5. Equipment cost and complexity
1. Turning machine: relatively simple structure, relatively low cost.
2. Milling machine: According to the number of shafts and functions, the cost varies, and the cost of multi-axis milling machine is higher.
3. Cutting equipment: usually more sophisticated, high cost.
4. Turning and milling composite processing machine: integrated with a variety of functions, high equipment cost, complex control system.
6. Application fields
1. Turning: widely used in automobile, machinery manufacturing and other industries of shaft parts processing.
2. Milling: It is often used for the processing of complex parts in mold manufacturing, aerospace and other fields.
3. Cutting: Often used in precision instruments, electronics and other industries with high precision requirements.
4. Turning and milling composite processing: in high-end manufacturing, medical equipment and other fields, it has important applications for the processing of complex and high-precision parts.
CNC turning, milling, cutting and turning milling composite processing in many aspects of the similarities and differences, should be based on the specific processing needs and production conditions to choose the appropriate processing technology.
Comparison of efficiency of turning and milling combined machining with turning and milling
The efficiency comparison of turning and milling combined machining, turning and milling cannot be simply generalized, but is affected by many factors.
Turning has high efficiency in the processing of rotary parts, especially for large quantities of standard shaft and disk parts. Its tool movement is relatively simple, the cutting speed is high, and continuous cutting can be achieved.
Milling has advantages for machining planes, steps, grooves and complex contours. However, when processing simple rotary parts, its efficiency may not be as good as turning.
The combination of turning and milling machining combines the advantages of turning and milling, and can complete the turning and milling processes in a single clip, reducing the number of clips and positioning errors. For the parts with complex shape and both rotary and non-rotary characteristics, the combined turning and milling machining can significantly improve the machining efficiency.
However, the efficiency benefits of combined turning and milling may not be evident in the following cases:
1. When processing simple parts that only need to be turned or milled in a single process, due to the high cost and complexity of the turn-milling complex machine tool, it may not be as efficient as the specialized turning or milling machine.
2. In small batch production, the adjustment and programming time of the machine tool account for a large proportion in the entire processing cycle, which may affect the efficiency advantage of the turn-milling composite processing.
In general, for the medium and large volume production of complex parts, the turn-milling composite machining usually has a higher overall efficiency; For simple parts or small batch production, turning and milling may be more efficient in certain situations.
CNC turning, milling, cutting and turning milling combined processing technology is an important means in modern manufacturing industry. Turning is good at processing rotary parts, milling can deal with complex shapes and polyhedra, cutting can achieve high-precision surface treatment, and turn-milling composite processing is a combination of the two, can complete a variety of processes in a clip. Each process has its own unique advantages and scope of application, high turning efficiency in rotary body machining performance, milling versatility to meet the needs of complex contours, cutting accuracy is excellent, turning and milling combined processing is both precision and efficiency. In actual production, according to the characteristics of parts, accuracy requirements, batch size and other factors, reasonable selection of processes to achieve high quality, high efficiency and low cost manufacturing goals, to promote the continuous development and progress of the manufacturing industry.
Numerical control drilling is a method of drilling using digital control technology. It has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency and high repeatability. By pre-programming to set the drilling position, depth, speed and other parameters, CNC machine tools can automatically complete complex drilling operations.
CNC drilling machine is usually composed of control system, drive system, machine body and auxiliary device. The control system is the core, responsible for processing and sending instructions; The drive system realizes the movement of each axis of the machine tool; The machine body provides drilling platform and structural support; Auxiliary devices include cooling system, chip removal system, etc., to ensure the smooth process.In the manufacturing industry, CNC drilling is widely used in aerospace, automotive, mold manufacturing and other fields, which can meet the demand for high-precision drilling of parts and improve production efficiency and product quality.
What is the processing principle of CNC drilling technology
The processing principle of CNC drilling technology mainly includes the following steps:
1. Programming: The designed drilling pattern and parameters are converted into CNC machine tool identifiable processing program, through the keyboard on the operation panel or input machine to send digital information to the CNC device.
2. Signal processing: The CNC device performs a series of processing on the input signal, sends the feed servo system and other execution commands, and sends S, M, T and other command signals to the programmable controller.
3. Machine tool execution: After the programmable controller receives S, M, T and other command signals, it controls the machine tool body to execute these commands immediately, and feedbacks the execution of the machine tool body to the CNC device in real time.
4. Displacement control: After the servo system receives the feed execution command, the coordinate axes of the main body of the drive machine tool (feed mechanism) are accurately displaced in strict accordance with the requirements of the instruction, and the processing of the workpiece is automatically completed.
5. Real-time feedback: In the process of displacement of each axis, the detection feedback device will quickly feedback the measured value of the displacement to the numerical control device, so as to compare with the command value, and then issue compensation instructions to the servo system at a very fast speed until the measured value is consistent with the command value.
6. Over-range protection: in the process of displacement of each axis, if the phenomenon of "over-range" occurs, the limiting device can send some signals to the programmable controller or directly to the numerical control device, the numerical control system on the one hand sends an alarm signal through the display, on the other hand, it sends a stop command to the feed servo system to implement over-range protection.
What are the processing characteristics of CNC drilling technology?
CNC drilling technology has the following processing characteristics:
1. High degree of automation: the whole processing process is controlled by a pre-prepared program, reducing manual intervention and improving production efficiency.
2. High accuracy: It can realize high-precision drilling, accurate positioning, and the size and shape accuracy of the hole are guaranteed.
3. Good processing consistency: as long as the procedure is unchanged, the product quality is stable and the repeatability is high.
4, complex shape processing ability: can process a variety of complex shapes and structures of the workpiece to meet diverse needs.
5. Wide range of adaptation: suitable for drilling of a variety of materials, including metal, plastic, composite materials, etc.
6. High production efficiency: fast automatic tool change system and continuous processing ability, greatly shortening the processing time.
7. Easy to adjust and modify: the parameters and process of drilling can be adjusted by modifying the program, and the flexibility is strong.
8. Multi-axis linkage can be realized: drilling can be carried out in multiple directions at the same time, improving the complexity and accuracy of processing.
9. Intelligent monitoring: It can monitor various parameters in the processing process in real time, such as cutting force, temperature, etc., find problems in time and adjust them.
10. Good human-computer interaction: the operator can easily operate and monitor through the operation interface.
How to ensure the machining accuracy of CNC drilling technology?
The machining accuracy of CNC drilling technology is mainly ensured through the following aspects:
1. Machine tool accuracy: the selection of high-precision CNC drilling machine tools, including the structural design of the machine tool, manufacturing process and assembly accuracy. High-quality guide rails, lead screws and other transmission components can reduce motion errors.
2. Control system: The advanced CNC system can accurately control the movement trajectory and speed of the machine tool to achieve high-precision positioning and interpolation operations, so as to ensure the accuracy of the drilling position and depth.
3. Tool selection and installation: Select the appropriate drill bit and ensure its installation accuracy. The quality, geometry and wear of the tool all affect the machining accuracy.
4. Cooling and lubrication: A good cooling and lubrication system can reduce the generation of cutting heat, reduce tool wear, maintain the stability of the processing process, and help to improve accuracy.
5. Programming accuracy: Accurate programming is the basis for ensuring machining accuracy. Reasonable setting of drilling coordinates, feed speed, cutting depth and other parameters to avoid programming errors.
6. Measurement and compensation: Through the measurement equipment to detect the workpiece after processing, the measurement results are fed back to the numerical control system for error compensation, so as to further improve the processing accuracy.
7. Fixture positioning: to ensure the accurate and reliable positioning of the workpiece on the machine tool, reduce the impact of the clamping error on the machining accuracy.
8. Processing environment: stable temperature, humidity and clean working environment help to maintain the accuracy and stability of the machine tool, so as to ensure the processing accuracy.
9. Regular maintenance: Regular maintenance of the machine tool, including checking and adjusting the accuracy of the machine tool, replacing the worn parts, etc., to ensure that the machine tool is always in good working condition.
In CNC drilling technology, how to improve the surface quality of drilling
In CNC drilling technology, the surface quality of drilling can be improved by the following methods:
1. Choose the right tool: According to the processing material and drilling requirements, choose high quality, sharp and geometrically optimized drill bits. For example, the use of coated drill bits can reduce friction and wear and improve surface quality.
2. Optimize cutting parameters: set cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth reasonably. Higher cutting speed and proper feed usually help to obtain a better surface finish, but care should be taken to avoid excessive tool wear or machining instability due to improper parameters.
3. Full cooling and lubrication: The use of effective cooling lubricant, timely take away the cutting heat, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce tool wear and the formation of chip tumors, thereby improving the surface quality.
4. Control the processing allowance: before drilling, reasonably arrange the pre-processing process, control the allowance of the drilling part, and avoid excessive or uneven impact on the surface quality.
5. Improve the accuracy and stability of the machine tool: maintain and calibrate the machine tool regularly to ensure the motion accuracy and rigidity of the machine tool, and reduce the impact of vibration and error on the surface quality.
6. Optimize the drilling path: adopt reasonable feeding and retracting methods to avoid burrs and scratches at the hole opening.
7. Control the processing environment: keep the processing environment clean, constant temperature and humidity, reduce the interference of external factors on the processing accuracy and surface quality.
8. Using step-by-step drilling: for holes with larger diameters or high precision requirements, the method of step-by-step drilling can be used to gradually reduce the aperture and improve the surface quality.
9. Hole wall treatment: After drilling, if necessary, polishing, grinding and other subsequent treatment methods can be used to further improve the surface quality of the hole.
In what fields has CNC drilling technology been widely used?
CNC drilling technology has been widely used in the following fields:
1. Aerospace field: Components used in the manufacture of aircraft and spacecraft, such as wing structures, engine components, etc., have high requirements for precision and quality.
2. Automobile manufacturing industry: drilling and processing of automobile engine cylinder block, transmission shell, chassis parts, etc., to ensure the accurate coordination of parts.
3. Electronic equipment manufacturing: It plays an important role in the drilling of printed circuit boards (PCB) to ensure the accuracy of circuit connections.
4. Mold manufacturing: high-precision drilling for all kinds of molds such as injection mold, stamping die, etc., to meet the complex structure and high-precision requirements of the mold.
5. Medical device field: precision parts for the production of medical devices, such as surgical instruments, prosthetic parts, etc.
6. Energy industry: including wind power generation equipment, petrochemical equipment and other parts drilling.
7. Marine manufacturing: drilling and processing of Marine engine parts, hull structural parts, etc.
8. Military industry: parts manufacturing of weapons and equipment to ensure their performance and reliability.
In short, CNC drilling technology has an indispensable position in all fields of modern industry because of its high precision, high efficiency and flexibility.
What is the development trend of CNC drilling technology?
The development trend of CNC drilling technology is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Higher accuracy and speed: With the continuous improvement of product quality and production efficiency requirements of the manufacturing industry, CNC drilling technology will develop in the direction of higher positioning accuracy, repeat accuracy and faster drilling speed.
2. Intelligence and automation: the integration of artificial intelligence, machine learning and other technologies to achieve automatic programming, automatic optimization of processing parameters, automatic fault diagnosis and automatic error compensation functions, further reduce manual intervention, improve processing efficiency and quality stability.
3. Multi-axis linkage and composite machining: The development of multi-axis linkage drilling technology can complete the drilling of complex shapes and multi-angles in a single clamping. At the same time, with other processing processes such as milling, grinding, etc., to achieve a multi-machine energy, improve processing efficiency and accuracy.
4. Green environmental protection: Focus on energy saving and consumption reduction, using more efficient drive systems and energy-saving technologies to reduce energy consumption. At the same time, the use and treatment of cutting fluid is optimized to reduce the impact on the environment.
5. Miniaturization and large-scale: on the one hand, it meets the high precision and high stability needs of micro-parts drilling; On the other hand, it can deal with large-scale drilling of large structural parts such as ships and Bridges.
6. Network and remote control: Through the network to achieve the interconnection between equipment, remote monitoring, diagnosis and maintenance, improve the efficiency and convenience of production management.
7. New material adaptability: can adapt to new materials such as superalloy, composite materials and other drilling processing, develop the corresponding tools and processes.
8. Optimization of human-computer interaction: a more friendly and convenient human-computer interaction interface makes it easier for operators to program, operate and monitor.
As an important processing method in modern manufacturing industry, CNC drilling technology has many advantages and wide application fields. The machining principle realizes high precision drilling through programming, signal processing, machine tool execution and other steps. In terms of characteristics, it has the advantages of high degree of automation, high precision, good consistency and wide range of adaptation. In order to ensure machining accuracy, it depends on many factors such as machine tool accuracy, control system and tool selection. The quality of drilling surface can be improved by selecting cutting tools and optimizing cutting parameters. In the future, the development trend of CNC drilling technology will move towards higher precision and speed, intelligence and automation, multi-axis linkage and composite processing, green environmental protection, miniaturization and large-scale, networking and remote control, new material adaptability and human-computer interaction optimization. It is foreseeable that CNC drilling technology will continue to innovate and develop, providing more powerful support for the progress of the manufacturing industry.