- Lightweight and high specific strength: density usually 0.9-1.6g/cm³ (only 1/8-1/6 that of steel), some reinforced materials (such as carbon fiber filled nylon) tensile strength up to 200MPa.
- Excellent chemical stability: far exceeds metals in acid/alkali/salt corrosion resistance (such as PTFE can withstand aqua regia).
- Insulation and vibration reduction: volume resistivity＞10¹²Ω・cm (PEEK), damping coefficient 0.05-0.3 (better than metals).
- Low friction coefficient: POM friction coefficient 0.14, PTFE only 0.04 (self-lubricating properties).
- Machining challenges:
- High coefficient of thermal expansion (5-10 times that of steel), easy to produce dimensional deviation.
- Poor thermal conductivity (only 1/100 that of metal), cutting heat can cause material softening.
- Low elastic modulus (1.5-4GPa), thin-walled parts are prone to deformation.
- Severe electrostatic adsorption (requires grounding treatment).
All uploads are secure and confidential.Grade | Tensile strength (MPa) | Density (g/cm³) | Hardness (Rockwell) | Main characteristics | Application scenario analysis |
POM (Delrin) | 60-75 | 1.41 | M80-M90 | High rigidity, fatigue resistance, solvent resistance | Gears, bearings, cams |
Nylon 6/6 | 80-100 | 1.14 | R118 | Wear-resistant, self-lubricating, impact-resistant | Pulleys, seals, cable ties |
ABS | 25-50 | 1.05 | R60-R120 | Easy to color, surface gloss, impact-resistant | Enclosures, models, toys |
PEEK | 90-100 | 1.32 | M100 | High temperature resistance (260℃), flame retardancy, biocompatibility | Aerospace parts, medical devices |
PTFE (Teflon) | 14-25 | 2.15 | D50-D60 | Ultra corrosion resistance, low friction, non-stick | Seals, non-stick pan coatings |
Polycarbonate | 60-70 | 1.2 | M70-M80 | High transparency, impact resistance, high temperature resistance | Optical lenses, protective face shields |
HDPE | 20-30 | 0.95 | R40-R50 | Low temperature resistance (-70℃), stress crack resistance | Containers, pipes, toys |
PMMA (Acrylic) | 45-75 | 1.19 | M85-M105 | Light transmittance 92%, easy to process | Lamp covers, dentures, optical elements |
PET | 50-70 | 1.38 | M75-M85 | High toughness, oil resistance, recyclable | Beverage bottles, films, textile fibers |
G-10 (FR4) | 350-450 | 1.8 | M100-M110 | Glass fiber reinforced, high strength, insulating | Printed circuit boards, mechanical structural components |
✔ PEEK: annealing treatment (150℃×2h) to eliminate internal stress.
✔ Polycarbonate: drying treatment (120℃×4h) to prevent hydrolysis.⒉Tool selection:
✔ Rough machining: high-speed steel tools (cutting speed 50-100m/min).
✔ Finishing: coated tungsten carbide (cutting speed 80-150m/min).
⒊Machining deformation control:
✔ Use step cutting (each layer depth ≤0.5mm).
✔ Compressed air cooling (to avoid chemical corrosion caused by cutting fluid).
✔ Thin-walled parts require vacuum fixtures.
⒋Environmental characteristics:
✔ Thermoplastics (such as ABS, PE) can be 100% recycled.
✔ Thermosetting plastics (such as G-10) require special treatment.
✔ High temperature resistance: PEEK(260℃) > Polycarbonate(135℃) > POM(100℃)
✔ Machining economy: HDPE < ABS < PEEK
✔ Transparency demand: PMMA > Polycarbonate > PET