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Honscn profesyonel CNC İşleme Hizmetlerine odaklanıyor  2003'ten beri.

CNC machining steel material characteristics
  • Yüksek güç ve sertlik: Yüksek yük yapısal bileşenler için uygun olan 500-2000MPa'ya (alüminyumdan 2-8 kat) kadar gerilme mukavemeti.
  • Yüksek kesme zorluğu: Tungsten karbür aletlerini (YW1/YW2 gibi) kullanmanız gerekir, kesme hızı genellikle 1/3-1/5 alüminyum.
  • Termal deformasyon kontrolü: Düşük termal iletkenlik (yaklaşık 45W/m ・ k), iş parçası deformasyonunu önlemek için yeterli soğutmaya ihtiyaç duyar.
  • Çeşitli yüzey tedavisi: Söndürme, karbürleme, elektrokaplama vb. Yoluyla performansı artırabilir.
  • Geniş Kaynak Performans Farklılıkları: Paslanmaz çelik özel kaynak teli gerektirir, yüksek mukavemetli çelik kaynaktan sonra stres konsantrasyonuna eğilimlidir.
  • Bariz maliyet tabakalaşması: Sıradan karbon çeliği (Q235 gibi) en düşük maliyete sahiptir, yüksek hızlı çelik (M2 gibi) malzeme maliyeti 10 kattan fazla olabilir.
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Commonly used steel material classification table

Grade

Tensile strength (MPa)

Yield strength (MPa)

Main characteristics

Application scenarios

45 steel

600

355

Comprehensive mechanical properties, easy to machine

Gears, shafts, mold templates

Q235

375-500

235

Low carbon steel, excellent weldability

Building structural components, ordinary mechanical casings

1215

420

300

Easy to machine steel (lead-containing)

Precision screws, automatic lathe parts

1022

450

250

Low carbon steel, good weldability

Chains, sprockets, bolts

1010

330

210

Ultra low carbon steel, high ductility

Stamped parts, steel pipes, iron wires

12L14

450

300

Lead-containing easy to machine steel

Instrument parts, miniature gears

10B21

520

345

Boron steel, excellent carburizing properties

Automotive gears, camshafts

40Cr

980

785

High strength alloy structural steel

Drive shafts, piston rods, gears

SS410

540

345

Martensitic stainless steel

Cutting tools, pump shafts, valves

65Mn

980

785

Spring steel, high elastic limit

Springs, mainsprings, wear-resistant parts

Çelik Malzeme Özelliklerinin Analizi:
✔ Thermal treatment impact: 45 steel hardness increases to HRC55 after quenching, but tempering is needed to reduce brittleness; 65Mn requires quenching + medium temperature tempering to obtain HRC42-48 elastic modulus.
✔ Machining parameter differences: 12L14 cutting speed can reach 150m/min (ordinary steel 60-80m/min).
✔ SS410 suffers from severe work hardening, it is recommended to use CBN tools.
✔ Welding attention: 40Cr needs preheating at 200℃ before welding, and tempering after welding to eliminate stress. ✔ SS410 welding is recommended to use ER410 welding wire.
✔ Surface treatment compatibility: 45 steel is suitable for quenching + blackening treatment; 10B21 has surface hardness HRC58-62 after carburizing and quenching.
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Material selection strategy:
✔ Strength priority: 65Mn > 40Cr > 45 steel
✔ Corrosion resistance: SS410 > Q235 (after galvanizing) > 1010
✔ Machining efficiency: 12L14 > 1022 > 40Cr
✔ Comprehensive cost: Q235 (lowest) < 1010 < 1022 < 45 steel < 40Cr < SS410
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Steel material surface treatment process
◆ Quenching: improves hardness (HRC40-60), used for tool-type parts.
◆ Galvanizing: coating thickness 5-25μm, prevents atmospheric corrosion (such as outdoor steel structures).
◆ Chrome plating: coating thickness 0.2-0.5μm, improves wear resistance and gloss (hydraulic piston rods).
◆ Blackening treatment: generates Fe₃O₄ film, rust prevention + decoration (standard parts).
◆ Carburizing and quenching: surface hardness HRC58-62, core maintains toughness (gears).
◆ Powder coating: film thickness 60-100μm, provides corrosion protection and decorative effects (cabinet casings).
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